2A14铝合金厚板组织对化铣质量的影响研究  

Study on the Influence of 2A14 Aluminium Alloy Thick Plate Microstructure on Chemical Milling Quality

作　　者：王理 滕明和 温庆红 李霜 何川 WANG Li;TENG Minghe;WEN Qinghong;LI Shuang;HE Chuan(Southwest Aluminium(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Chongqing 401326,China)

机构地区：[1]西南铝业(集团)有限责任公司,重庆401326

出　　处：《铝加工》2024年第6期23-27,共5页Aluminium Fabrication

摘　　要：为改善2A14铝合金厚板化铣质量,采用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)等检测设备,对板材组织进行分析,确定了板材化铣后点状凹坑是由大尺寸化合物和串状化合物引起;蜂窝形成原因是化铣过程中化合物尺寸大,脱落后沉积在凹槽底部形成蜂窝状腐蚀;化铣面粗糙是由大尺寸化合物聚集引起。由于化合物相的存在,在腐蚀(化铣)过程中会造成凹坑现象,凹坑的大小与化合物相的尺寸和聚集程度成正比。最终通过将Si元素质量分数量控制在0.90%左右,Fe元素质量分数控制在0.35%左右,增加在线细化剂用量,实现了成分的优化。同时优化铸锭的均匀化工艺,适当提高铸锭均匀化温度,缩短均匀化保温时间,可实现组织的改善,从而解决化铣质量问题。In order to improve the chemical milling quality of 2A14 aluminium alloy thick plate,the microstructure of the plate were analysed using testing equipments such as electron microscopy(OM),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS),etc.It was determined that the point pits after plate chemical milling were caused by large-size compounds and string compounds.The formation of honeycombs was due to the large size of the compounds during the chemical milling process,which deposited at the bottom of the grooves after detachment,forming uneven honeycomb corrosion.The roughness of the chemical milling surface was caused by the aggregation of large-size compounds.Due to the presence of compound phases,pits could occur during the corrosion(chemical milling) process,and the size of the pits was directly proportional to the size and degree of aggregation of the compound phase.Finally,the Si element mass fraction was controlled to around 0.90%,the Fe element mass fraction was controlled to around 0.35%,and the amount of online refiners was increased to achieve composition optimization.At the same time,optimizing the homogenization process of the ingot,appropriately increasing the homogenization soaking temperature of the ingot,reducing the homogenization soaking time can improve the microstructure,and solve the chemical milling quality problems.

关 键 词：化铣 大尺寸化合物 串状化合物 均匀化 

分 类 号：TG146.21[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]