罗素的时间关系论模型及疑难问题  

Russell’s Model of Temporal Relation Theory and Its Difficult Problems

作　　者：陈群志[1] CHEN Qun-zhi(Department of Philosophy,Jiangsu Normal University,Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏师范大学哲学系,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《科学技术哲学研究》2024年第6期44-51,共8页Studies in Philosophy of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“当代英美哲学中的时间理论研究”(19BZX101);江苏高校“青蓝工程”资助(2022)。

摘　　要：罗素在时间观上建构了一种“关系论”模型,但这种模型存在种种疑难问题。罗素表明,“时间关系”是单一的、不可分析的、不可还原的,由此而排斥“时间流逝”与“时间瞬态”。然而,施莱辛格却批判指出,罗素时间观在本质上主张“时间”是一种类似空间的东西,“关系论”无法成立。与此相对,奥克兰德辩护道,“关系论”从根本上已确立了“时间”与“空间”之间的差异,不存在所谓的“空间化”问题。但经过考察可知,施莱辛格的确揭示出了“关系论”模型的弱点,因其在解释人的意志、意识、情感、人格、生命等方面都难以自圆其说。就“本体论意义”上讲,时间的“原初本相”只能基于“生成论”,“关系论”要根据“生成论”才能获得理解。B.Russell constructed a“temporal relation theory”model about the view of time,but this model has va⁃rious difficult problems.Russell showed that the“temporal relation”is single,unanalyzable and irreducible,thus rejecting the“temporal passage”and“the transiency of time”.However,G.Schlesinger critically pointed out that the Russell’s view of time essentially advocated that“time”should be a space-like thing,and that the“temporal relation theory”cannot hold up.In contrast,L.N.Oakland argued that the“temporal relation theory”has funda⁃mentally established the difference between“time”and“space”,and there is no so-called“spatialization”prob⁃lem.But after investigation,Schlesinger did reveal the weakness of the“temporal relation theory”model,because it is difficult to justify itself in explaining people’s will,consciousness,emotion,personality,life and other aspects.In terms of the“ontological meaning”,the“primary nature”of time can only be based on the“temporal becoming theory”,and the“temporal relation theory”can only be understood based on the“temporal becoming theory”.

关 键 词：时间关系 时间生成 时间哲学 分析哲学 

分 类 号：N02[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]