人口老龄化对黑龙江省农业可持续发展的影响浅析  

Analysis on the Influence of Aging Population on the Sustainable Development of Agriculture in Heilongjiang Province

作　　者：李立辉 Li Lihui(School of Finance and Public Administration,Harbin University of Commerce,Harbin Heilongjiang 150028)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨商业大学财政与公共管理学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150028

出　　处：《对外经贸》2024年第12期66-69,共4页FOREIGN ECONOMIC RELATIONS & TRADE

基　　金：黑龙江省社科基金项目“新型城镇化进程中黑龙江省人口空间格局演变及优化机制研究”(项目编号:21JYB153);哈尔滨商业大学博士科研支持计划“互联网信息技术对老年劳动者产出效率的影响研究”(项目编号:24BQ13)。

摘　　要：随着人口老龄化的加剧,黑龙江省农业可持续发展面临着诸多挑战。通过分析人口老龄化对农业生产效率、农业技术创新能力以及农村劳动力的影响,揭示了老龄化对农业可持续发展的深远影响。首先,人口老龄化下,劳动力大量外流,农业生产所依赖的劳动力资源逐渐减少,导致农业生产效率的下降;其次,老龄化对农业技术创新能力带来影响,并进一步削弱了农业竞争力;此外,老龄化导致农业劳动力数量减少和劳动力结构老化,使得农业生产效率降低。为应对这些挑战,应优化农业产业结构提高生产效率,加强农业科技培训提升农民素质,加强农村社会保障体系建设等。通过这些措施,旨在提高农业生产效率,促进农业可持续发展,确保黑龙江省的农业在老龄化背景下保持活力和竞争力。With the aging of the population,the sustainable development of agriculture in Heilongjiang Province faces many challenges.By analyzing the effects of aging population on agricultural production efficiency,agricultural technology innovation ability and rural labor force,this paper reveals the far-reaching impact of aging population on agricultural sustainable development.First of all,with the aging of the population,a large number of labor forces have been outflow,and the labor resources that agricultural production depends on have gradually decreased,resulting in the decline of agricultural production effciency.Secondly,aging affects the innovation ability of agricultural technology and further weakens the competitiveness of agriculture.In addition,aging leads to a decrease in the number of agricultural labor force and an aging labor force structure,which reduces agricultural production efficiency.In order to cope with these challenges,this paper puts forward a series of policy suggestions:mainly including optimizing agricultural industrial structure to improve production efficiency,strengthening agricultural science and technology training to improve farmers'quality,and strengthening rural social security system construction.Through these measures,the aim is to improve agricultural production efficiency,promote sustainable agricultural development,and ensure that Heilongjiang's agriculture remains dynamic and competitive in the context of aging.

关 键 词：人口老龄化 黑龙江省 农业可持续发展 农业劳动力 

分 类 号：F327[经济管理—产业经济]