宁夏春小麦品种抗倒伏相关性状分析及综合评价体系构建  

Analysis of the Traits Related to Lodging-Resistance and Construction of a Comprehensive Evaluation System for Spring Wheat Varieties in Ningxia

作　　者：樊明[1] 张双喜[1] 陈嘉 张娇 李红霞[1] Fan Ming;Zhang Shuangxi;Chen Jia;Zhang Jiao;Li Hongxia(Crops Research Institute of Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan 750002,Ningxia,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院农作物研究所,宁夏银川750002

出　　处：《作物杂志》2024年第6期39-46,共8页Crops

基　　金：宁夏自然科学基金(2020AAC03310);宁夏农业育种专项(2018NYYZ02);2022年宁夏青年拔尖人才培养项目。

摘　　要：为筛选与春小麦抗倒伏性密切相关的性状指标,构建宁夏春小麦抗倒伏评价体系,以宁夏历年选育的60个春小麦品种为研究对象,对植株茎秆形态特征、穗部性状、茎秆强度及抗倒伏指数等25个性状进行测定和分析,明确不同品种性状间差异,采用相关性分析和通径分析筛选出与春小麦抗倒伏性密切相关的指标,通过主成分分析和线性回归构建春小麦抗倒伏评价体系。结果表明,60个春小麦品种在茎重、茎长和抗倒伏指数表型性状上变异明显;与抗倒伏指数相关性较大的性状是第二节间抗折力、穗重和茎秆强度,均呈极显著正相关;第二节间抗折力对抗倒伏指数的直接通径系数最大,穗重和茎秆强度对抗倒伏指数的相关系数和直接通径系数大小排序不一致,主要由于农艺性状之间相互影响造成;重心高度、穗重、植株鲜重、茎粗、茎秆强度、第二节间抗折力、第二节间茎长等8个性状可作为宁夏春小麦抗倒伏性鉴定指标。In order to ascertain the trait indices closely associated with the lodging-resistance of spring wheat and establish an evaluative system for lodging-resistance in Ningxia,this study utilized 60 spring wheat varieties as subjects,and we measured and scrutinized 25 traits encompassing plant stem morphological characteristics,spike traits,stem strength,and lodging resistance index via variance analysis.This approach aimed to elucidate difference among different varieties within the same trait category.Utilizing correlation and path analyses,we identified indices intricately linked to spring wheat lodging-resistance and formulated an evaluation system employing principal component analysis and linear regression.Our findings revealed the significant variations in stem weight,stem length,and lodging resistance index among the 60 spring wheat varieties.Notably,the second internode fracture resistance force,spike weight,and stem strength exhibited the highly significant positive correlations with the lodging resistance index.Additionally,the direct path coefficient of the second internode fracture resistance force to the lodging resistance index was the highest.There is a discrepancy between the ranking of the correlation coefficients and the direct path coefficients of spike weight and stem strength to the lodging-resistance index mainly due to the mutual influences among agronomic traits.The eight traits including height of gravity center,spike weight,plant fresh weight,stem diameter,stem strength,the second internode fracture resistance force,the second internode stem length could be used as potential indicators for evaluating lodging-resistance of spring wheat in Ningxia.

关 键 词：春小麦 抗倒伏 茎秆强度 主成分分析 评价体系 

分 类 号：S512.12[农业科学—作物学]