新疆糜子地方种杂交后代农艺性状的遗传规律研究  

Study on the Inheritance Rules of Agronomic Traits in the Progeny of Crosses between Local Species of Xinjiang Proso Millet

作　　者：张东杰 张喆钧 阿依丁库力·沙黑多拉 桑塔那提·阿斯卡尔 吾买尔夏提·塔汉[1] Zhang Dongjie;Zhang Zhejun;Ayidingkuli·Shaheiduola;Sangtanati·Asikaer;Wumaierxiati·Tahan(College of Life Sciences,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,Xinjiang,China;College of Grass Industry,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,Xinjiang,China;Tuoli County Agricultural and Rural Affairs Bureau,Tacheng 834500,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学生命科学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆农业大学草业学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [3]托里县农业农村局,新疆塔城834500

出　　处：《作物杂志》2024年第6期97-102,共6页Crops

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31760083)。

摘　　要：通过2个糜子地方种紫秆侧穗(TKS)和黄秆密穗(HP)进行正反交,分析子二代(F_(2))茎叶颜色和穗型的分离情况,并对株高、主茎节数、穗长等共7个农艺性状作遗传变异分析。结果表明,F_(2)中,TKS×HP(TH)和HP×TKS(HT)群体均出现了茎叶颜色和穗型分离现象;HT群体中茎叶的紫黄颜色分离比例约为15:1,表明紫色对黄色呈显性,紫色由多基因控制。TH群体中茎叶的紫黄颜色分离比约为1:1,表明紫色受多基因控制。2个群体中穗型比例均约为15:1,表明穗型受多基因控制。F_(2)中,2个群体穗重均高于亲本范围,HT群体穗长高于亲本范围,株高低于亲本范围,存在超亲分离现象。F_(2)中穗型和茎叶颜色遗传多样性指数最高;中亲优势分析表明,TH比HT群体中亲优势明显;相关性分析中,2个群体均表现出穗型与茎叶颜色呈极显著正相关,其他性状表现出不同的相关性。Through direct and reciprocal crosses between two varieties of proso millet purple culm with lateral spikes(TKS)and yellow culm with dense spikes(HP),the genetic variation for seven agronomic traits,such as plant height,number of nodes on the main stem,as well as panicle length were measured and the segregation of stem and leaf color as well as panicle type in the second generation(F_(2))was examined.The results showed that stem and leaf color as well as panicle shape segregated in both TKSXHP(TH)and HPXTKS(HT)populations in F_(2).The segregation ratio of purple to yellow in stem and leaf color in the HT population was about 15:1,indicating that purple was dominant to yellow and purple was controlled by multiple genes.The segregation ratio of purple to yellow in stem and leaf color in the TH population was about 1:1,indicating that purple was controlled by multiple genes.In F_(2),the panicle weight of two groups was higher than the parental range,the panicle length of HT population was higher than the parental range,and the plant height was lower than the parental range,so there was transgressive segregation.The mid-parent heterosis in the TH population was more obvious tha that in HT population.The genetic diversity indices of panicle type and stem and leaf color were the greatest in F_(2).In the correlation analysis,two groups showed an extremely significant positive correlation between panicle shape and the color of stems and leaves,while other traits showed different correlations.

关 键 词：糜子 农艺性状 茎叶颜色 穗型 超亲分离 中亲优势 遗传规律 

分 类 号：S516[农业科学—作物学]