燕麦地上部可培养内生真菌多样性分析及其功能研究  

Diversity Analysis and Function Study of Culturable Endophytic Fungi in Oat Shoot

作　　者：李晓婷[1] 张婷婷 张艳丽[1] 李志伟[1] 韩丽 赵鑫瑶 张永平[1] 李立军[1] Li Xiaoting;Zhang Tingting;Zhang Yanli;Li Zhiwei;Han Li;Zhao Xinyao;Zhang Yongping;Li Lijun(Agricultural College of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010019,Inner Mongolia,China;Ulanqab Institute of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Ulanqab 012000,Inner Mongolia,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学农学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010019 [2]乌兰察布市农林科学研究所,内蒙古乌兰察布012000

出　　处：《作物杂志》2024年第6期194-204,共11页Crops

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2022YFXZ0031);呼和浩特市科技计划项目(2020-农-1)。

摘　　要：为探究燕麦叶和茎中可培养内生真菌分布情况、群落组成及其功能特性,通过组织培养分离法对阴山北麓区燕麦拔节期叶片和茎的内生真菌分离纯化,利用ITS鉴定并分析其多样性,同时测定其溶磷、解钾和分泌生长素(IAA)能力。结果发现,燕麦的叶和茎中分离得到74株内生真菌,总定殖率为61.94%,总分离率为20.56%,经过分子鉴定属于2门12属,其中优势菌门为子囊菌门(Ascomycota),优势菌属为链格孢菌属(Alternaria,分离率=5.56%,分离频率=27.03%)和镰刀菌属(Fusarium,分离率=8.06%,分离频率=39.19%)。多样性分析发现,茎中分离的内生真菌多样性高于叶,其多样性指数和辛普森指数分别为3.51和0.78。相似性分析发现,叶和茎中内生真菌的相似系数为0.15。对分离得到的内生真菌的功能分析发现,79.73%的菌株具有溶磷能力,72.97%的菌株具有解钾能力,40.54%的菌株能够分泌IAA。根据内生真菌的功能将74株内生真菌分为4类,分别有41、5、21和7株菌株,最优第4类菌株大部分均具有溶磷、解钾能力,且分泌IAA的能力最强。燕麦地上部组织中的内生真菌物种较为丰富,可为内生真菌的应用提供菌种资源,不同内生真菌的功能差异较大,功能性较强菌株在农业生产中可能会发挥其潜在促生长特性。In order to investigate the distribution,community composition,and functional characteristics of culturable endophytic fungi leaves and stems of oats(Avena sativa L.),the endophytic fungi in leaves and stems of oats at the jointing stage in the northern foothills of Yinshan were isolated and purified by the tissue culture isolation method.Their diversity was identified and analyzed by using ITS,and the abilities of phosphate-solubilizing and potassium-solubilizing,secreting auxin(IAA)were measured.The results showed that a total of 74 endophytic fungi were isolated from the leaves and stems of oats,with the total colonization rate and the total isolation rate of 61.94%and 20.56%,respectively,they were identified as belonging to two phyla and 12 genera by molecular identification,among which Ascomycota was the dominant phylum,and Alternaria(isolation rate=5.56%,isolation frequency=27.03%)and Fusarium(isolation rate=8.06%,isolation frequency=39.19%)were the dominant species.Diversity analysis showed that the diversity of endophytic fungi isolated from stems was higher than those from leaves,with the diversity index and Simpson index being 3.51 and 0.78,respectively.Similarity analysis showed that the similarity coefficient of endophytic fungi in leaves and stems was 0.15.The functional analysis of the isolated endophytic fungi showed that 79.73%of the strains had phosphate-solubilizing,72.97%had potassium-solubilizing,and 40.54%could secrete IAA.According to the function of endophytic fungi,74 strains of endophytic fungi were divided into four categories,including 41,5,21 and 7 strains,respectively.Most of the optimal strains of the 4th category had the ability to dissolve phosphorus and potassium,and the ability to secrete IAA was the highest.There are abundant endophytic fungi species in the leaves and stems of oat,which would provide strain resources for the application of endophytic fungi.The functions of different endophytic fungi are quite distinct,and the strains with stronger functions may exert their poten

关 键 词：燕麦 内生真菌 多样性 溶磷 解钾 生长素 

分 类 号：S512.6[农业科学—作物学]