不同浓度甲氧咪草烟处理对向日葵列当寄生的影响  

Effects of Different Concentrations of Imazamox Treatments on Parasitism of Orobanche cumana Wallr.

作　　者：张之为[1] 孙学桃 解国华 王斐羽 张宇宽 杜磊 赵君[1] 张键[1] Zhang Zhiwei;Sun Xuetao;Xie Guohua;Wang Feiyu;Zhang Yukuan;Du Lei;Zhao Jun;Zhang Jian(College of Horticulture and Plant Protection,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,Inner Mongolia,China;Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Center of Wuchuan County,Hohhot 011700,Inner Mongolia,China;Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot 010031,Inner Mongolia,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学园艺与植物保护学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010018 [2]呼和浩特市武川县农牧技术推广中心,内蒙古呼和浩特011700 [3]内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010031

出　　处：《作物杂志》2024年第6期226-231,共6页Crops

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技计划(2022YFYZ0007);国家特色油料产业技术体系项目(CARS-14-1-24)。

摘　　要：向日葵列当是一种寄生性杂草,向日葵被其寄生后常导致产量和品质下降,严重影响向日葵产业的发展。为了探索防治向日葵列当的有效手段,以抗除草剂向日葵品种新世1号为材料,通过根系浇灌除草剂甲氧咪草烟,研究不同浓度甲氧咪草烟对向日葵列当寄生的影响。结果表明,与对照(清水)相比,1:300、1:600和1:1200稀释的甲氧咪草烟处理后,向日葵列当种子的萌芽率分别显著降低了26.1%、23.3%和8.1%;在培养皿寄生体系中,1:300和1:600稀释的甲氧咪草烟处理后,向日葵根系产生的列当寄生瘤节数量比对照分别显著降低了83.4%和37.9%,瘤节鲜重分别显著降低了86.3%和56.5%,干重分别显著降低了87.9%和53.1%;营养钵条件下,1:300、1:600和1:1200稀释的甲氧咪草烟处理后,寄生到向日葵植株根系上的列当总数量比对照分别显著降低了100.0%、90.3%和70.8%,列当鲜重分别显著降低了100.0%、56.2%和36.4%。1:1200处理的列当干重与对照没有显著差异,1:300和1:600处理的列当干重分别显著降低了100.0%和45.1%。因此,1:300和1:600稀释的甲氧咪草烟处理能够有效抑制向日葵列当的寄生,可以与抗除草剂向日葵品种新世1号配合使用,用于防治田间向日葵列当的危害。Orobanche cumana Wallr.is a parasitic weed that frequently causes sunflower yield and quality to decline,which has a negative impact on the development of the sunflower industry.To explore the effective means to control the Orobanche cumana,this study used the herbicide-resistant sunflower variety Xinshi 1 as the material and treated it with the herbicide imazamox from the root to study the effects of different concentrations of imazamox on the parasitism of Orobanche cumana.The goal of this research was to discover effective control methods for sunflower parasitism.The results showed that compared with the control,after treating with 1:300,1:600 and 1:1200 diluted imazamox,the germination rates of Orobanche cumana seeds significantly decreased by 26.1%,23.3%and 8.1%,respectively.In the culture-dish system,compared with the control,the number of parasitic nodules produced on sunflower roots decreased by 83.4%and 37.9%,the fresh weight of nodules decreased by 86.3%and 56.5%,and the dry weight of nodules decreased by 87.9%and 53.1%significantly after treating with 1:300 and 1:600 diluted imazamox respectively;Under pot-culture condition,compared with the control,the total number of Orobanche cumana parasitized on the roots of sunflower plants decreased by 100.0%,90.3%and 70.8%,the fresh weight of Orobanche cumana decreased by 100.0%,56.2%and 36.4%significantly after treating with 1:300,1:600 and 1:1200 diluted imazamox respectively.The dry weight of Orobanche cumana under 1:1200 treatment was not significantly different from that of the control,while that of 1:300 and 1:600 treatments were significantly reduced by 100.0%and 45.1%,respectively.Therefore,treating with 1:300 and 1:600 dilution of imazamox can effectively inhibit the parasitism of Orobanche cumana,and can be used in combination with the herbicide-resistant sunflower variety Xinshi 1 to prevent and control the harm of Orobanche cumana in the field.

关 键 词：向日葵列当 寄生能力 除草剂 甲氧咪草烟 

分 类 号：S451[农业科学—植物保护]