老年结直肠癌伴肌少症患者运动自我管理体验的质性研究  

Experience of exercise self-management in elderly patients with colorectal cancer and sarcopenia:a qualitative study

作　　者：纪梦晨 顾丹凤[1] 钱源[2] 杭凌 张铭栖 Ji Mengchen;Gu Danfeng;Qian Yuan;Hang Ling;Zhang Mingqi(Nursing Department,Affliated Hospital of Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214122,China;Department of Public Health,Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214122,China;Gastrointestinal Surgery,Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214122,China;School of Medicine,Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214122,China)

机构地区：[1]江南大学附属医院护理部,无锡214122 [2]江南大学附属医院公共卫生处,无锡214122 [3]江南大学附属医院胃肠外科,无锡214122 [4]江南大学医学院,无锡214122

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2024年第36期4901-4908,共8页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

摘　　要：目的探讨老年结直肠癌伴肌少症患者运动自我管理认知及真实体验,为相关运动干预方案制订提供参考依据。方法本研究为描述性质性研究。采用目的抽样法,选取2023年9—12月于江南大学附属医院就诊的13例老年结直肠癌伴肌少症患者为研究对象,对其进行面对面半结构式深入访谈,采用内容分析法对访谈资料进行分析、归纳及提炼主题。结果13例老年结直肠癌患者中男6例,女7例;年龄61~70岁。共提炼出3个核心主题和10个亚主题,分别为对疾病与运动的认知(对疾病概念的认知、对运动自我管理的认知);对运动自我管理的多元化体验(积极赞成运动自我管理、消极应对运动自我管理、自我拖累感使得运动自我管理存在顾虑);对运动自我管理的期望(信息支持及专业化管理需求、运动内容和方式的多样性需求、运动量和强度的科学性需求、运动过程的安全性需求、制度保障的系统性需求)。结论老年结直肠癌伴肌少症患者对运动自我管理有一定的积极性及期望,但由于对疾病概念和运动益处存在认知薄弱、自我拖累感以及制度保障不足等问题,存在运动消极应对。医护人员需加强对该人群的评估,制订科学、系统的运动干预方案;政府及社会各界应积极引导人们对疾病正向认知并给予一定的政策保障。ObjectiveTo explore the exercise self-management cognition and real experience of elderly patients with colorectal cancer and sarcopenia,providing reference for the development of exercise intervention programs.MethodsThis study was a descriptive qualitative research.From September to December 2023,purposive sampling was used to select 13 elderly patients with colorectal cancer and sarcopenia who visited Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University as participants,and face-to-face semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted.Content analysis method was used to analyze,summarize,and extract themes from interview data.ResultsAmong the 13 elderly patients with colorectal cancer,there were six males and seven females aged 61 to 70 years.A total of three core themes and ten sub-themes were extracted,namely,cognition of disease and exercise(cognition of disease concepts,cognition of exercise self-management),diverse experiences of exercise self-management(positive support for exercise self-management,negative response to exercise self-management,and concerns about exercise self-management due to self-drag),and expectations for exercise self-management(information support and professional management needs,diversity needs of exercise content and methods,scientific needs of exercise volume and intensity,safety needs of exercise process,and systematic needs of system guarantees).ConclusionsElderly patients with colorectal cancer and sarcopenia have a certain level of enthusiasm and expectation for exercise self-management,but due to weak cognition of disease concepts and the benefits of exercise,self-drag,and insufficient system guarantees,there are negative responses to exercise.Medical and nursing staff need to strengthen their assessment of this population and develop scientific and systematic exercise intervention programs.The government and all sectors of society should actively guide people to have a positive cognition of diseases and provide certain policy guarantees.

关 键 词：老年人 结直肠癌 肌少症 运动 自我管理 体验 质性研究 

分 类 号：R473[医药卫生—护理学]