基于随机森林模型的孕妇分娩准备度现状及影响因素分析  

Current status and influencing factors of maternal childbirth readiness based on random forest model

作　　者：李唱 盖莹 王书培 姜海龙 耿小婷 李淑英[3] 刘锐[4] Li Chang;Gai Ying;Wang Shupei;Jiang Hailong;Geng Xiaoting;Li Shuying;Liu Rui(School of Nursing,Chengde Medical University,Chengde 067000,China;Department of Ophthalmology,Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University,Chengde 067000,China;Nursing Department,Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University,Chengde 067000,China;Department of Stomatology,Afiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University,Chengde 067000,China)

机构地区：[1]承德医学院护理学院,承德067000 [2]承德医学院附属医院眼科,承德067000 [3]承德医学院附属医院护理部,承德067000 [4]承德医学院附属医院口腔科,承德067000

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2024年第36期4963-4968,共6页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

基　　金：2024年度河北省医学科学研究课题计划(20241282)。

摘　　要：目的探讨孕妇分娩准备度的现状并分析其影响因素,为提升孕妇分娩准备度提供依据。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2023年3—7月在河北省承德市3所三级甲等医院产科门诊就诊的355名孕妇为研究对象,采用自行设计的一般资料调查表、分娩准备度量表、领悟社会支持量表、家庭关怀指数问卷、简化分娩自我效能感量表对其进行调查。采用LASSO回归与随机森林重要性排序进行特征变量选择,再结合多重线性回归分析增强可解释性,以探究影响孕妇分娩准备度的重要因素。结果355名孕妇分娩准备度量表总分为(74.41±7.09)分,条目均分为(4.13±0.39)分。随机森林算法结果显示,当lambda(λ)值为0.1677时,误差最小,对应的影响因素数目为6个,重要性排序居前6位的自变量为领悟社会支持、分娩自我效能、孕周、是否为初产妇、是否参加孕妇学校、居住地。多重线性回归分析结果显示,领悟社会支持、分娩自我效能、是否为初产妇、孕周、是否参加孕妇学校是孕妇分娩准备度的重要影响因素(P<0.05)。结论孕妇分娩准备度总体处于中等偏上水平,医护人员可从影响孕妇分娩准备度的因素着手,针对不同特征的孕妇采取个体化护理措施,同时鼓励家属给予孕妇足够的家庭支持,提高孕妇分娩准备度。ObjectiveTo explore the current situation of maternal childbirth readiness and analyze its influencing factors,providing a basis for improving maternal childbirth readiness.MethodsFrom March to July 2023,convenience sampling was used to select 355 pregnant women who visited Obstetrics Clinic in three ClassⅢGrade A hospitals in Chengde City,Hebei Province as participants.Participants were surveyed using the self-designed General Information Questionnaire,Childbirth Readiness Scale,Perceived Social Support Scale,Family APGAR Index,and Childbirth Self-efficacy Inventory 32.LASSO regression and random forest importance ranking were used to select characteristic variables,and multiple linear regression was combined to enhance interpretability,so as to explore the important factors affecting maternal childbirth readiness.ResultsThe total score of the Childbirth Readiness Scale for 355 pregnant women was(74.41±7.09),and the mean score of each item was(4.13±0.39).The random forest algorithm showed that when the lambda(λ)value was 0.1677,the error was minimized,and the corresponding number of influencing factors was six.The top six independent variables in importance ranking were perceived social support,childbirth self-efficacy,gestational week,primiparous status,participation in maternity school,and place of residence.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that perceived social support,childbirth self-efficacy,whether primigravida,gestational week,and participation in maternity school were important influencing factors of maternal childbirth readiness(P<0.05).ConclusionsThe childbirth readiness of pregnant women is above the middle level.Medical and nursing staff can start with factors that affect the childbirth readiness of pregnant women,adopt personalized nursing measures for pregnant women with different characteristics,and encourage family members to provide sufficient family support to improve the readiness of pregnant women for childbirth.

关 键 词：孕妇 分娩准备 社会支持 随机森林模型 影响因素 

分 类 号：R473.71[医药卫生—护理学]