不同生物源农药及与金龟子绿僵菌CQMa421混配对茶小绿叶蝉的防效评价  

Evaluation on the Control Effects of Different Biogenic Pesticides Mixed with Metarhizium anisopliae CQMa421 on Empoasca onukii Matsuda

作　　者：李晶晶[1] 康奎 亓文暄 孙境徽 冯章丽 张道伟[1] LI Jingjing;KANG Kui;QI Wenxuan;SUN Jinghui;FENG Zhangli;ZHANG Daowei(College of Biology and Agriculture,Zunyi Normal University/Key Laboratory of Animal Resources Conservation and Application Research in Chishui River Basin,Zunyi 563000,China)

机构地区：[1]遵义师范学院生物与农业科技学院/赤水河流域动物资源保护与应用研究重点实验室,贵州遵义563000

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2024年第10期70-77,共8页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：贵州省科技支撑计划项目(黔科合[2021]一般194号);贵州省教育厅自然科学研究项目(黔教技[2024]205号);遵义市科技计划项目(遵市科合HZ字[2024]136号)。

摘　　要：【目的】通过研究不同生物源农药对茶小绿叶蝉(Empoasca onukii Matsuda)的田间防效,为茶园合理化用药提供依据。【方法】采用五点取样法,在调查贵州遵义某茶园的茶小绿叶蝉发生动态基础上,以清水为对照(CK),设置单独喷施生物源农药艾绿士、印楝素和藜芦碱及其分别与金龟子绿僵菌CQMa421(500倍液)混合使用7种不同生物农药处理,评价上述处理对茶小绿叶蝉的田间防效。【结果】2021年3—9月(采茶期间)遵义地区茶园茶小绿叶蝉共发生7代,世代交替严重。茶小绿叶蝉发生量在6月下旬达到高峰、为899头。温度的升高有助于发生初期茶小绿叶蝉的繁殖,其发生量随温度上升逐渐增加、直至高峰期。单独使用金龟子绿僵菌CQMa421防治茶小绿叶蝉时,防效在药后7 d达到最高、为63.22%;单独使用艾绿士、印楝素和藜芦碱防治茶小绿叶蝉时,药后3 d均达到其最高防效、分别为90.14%、62.82%和61.04%。艾绿士、印楝素和藜芦碱分别与金龟子绿僵菌CQMa421混合使用防治茶小绿叶蝉的效果均优于单独使用金龟子绿僵菌CQMa421的效果,药后3 d的防效分别为87.12%、71.41%和72.86%。经计算,每333 m^(2)测试茶园施用不同组合药物所需要的经济成本由低到高分别为艾绿士(20元)、藜芦碱(22元)、印楝素(24元)、艾绿士+金龟子绿僵菌CQMa421(35元)、藜芦碱+金龟子绿僵菌CQMa421(36元)、印楝素+金龟子绿僵菌CQMa421(37元)和金龟子绿僵菌CQMa421(50元)。【结论】单独使用生物源农药防治茶小绿叶蝉时,防效为艾绿士>金龟子绿僵菌CQMa421>印楝素>藜芦碱;混合使用生物源农药和金龟子绿僵菌CQMa421防治茶小绿叶蝉时,防效为艾绿士>藜芦碱>印楝素。茶园实际用药时,首选推荐使用艾绿士,因其作用速度快、效果好、作用持久和经济成本低,而且是金龟子绿僵菌CQMa421防治茶小绿叶蝉良好的增效剂。【Objective】The field control effects of different biogenic pesticides on Empoasca onukii Matsuda(tea green leafhopper)was investigated,with an aim to provide a basis for the rational application of pesticides in tea gardens.【Method】Using a five-point sampling method,based on the investigation of the dynamic occurrence of E.onukii with yellow sticky traps in Zunyi of Guizhou Province,the field control effects of seven different biological pesticides biogenic pesticides spinetoram,azadirachtin and veratrine and their mixture with Metarhizium anisopliae CQMa421(500-fold dilution)were evaluated,water was used as the control(CK).【Result】The results showed that E.onukii occurred in seven generations in Zunyi area from March to September 2021(during tea picking period),with severe alternation between generations.And the number of E.onukii reached its peak of 899 in late June.The rise in temperature facilitated the initial reproduction of E.onukii,with the population gradually increasing with the temperature until it reached the peak period.The highest control effect single use of Metarhizium anisopliae CQMa421 against E.onukii was 63.22%,which was achieved 7 d after application.The highest control effects of single use of spinetoram,azadirachtin and veratridine against E.onukii was achieved 3 d after application and were 90.14%,62.82%and 61.04%,respectively.The control effect of spinetoram,azadirachtin and veratridine mixed with M.anisopliae CQMa421 was higher than that of using CQMa421 only,with control effects at 3 d post-application being 87.12%,71.41%and 72.86%,respectively.It was established the economic costs required for applying different combinations of pesticides in a 333 m^(2) tested tea garden,from lowest to highest,were as follows:spinetoram(20 yuan),veratrine(22 yuan),azadirachtin(24 yuan),spinetoram+CQMa421(35 yuan),veratrine+CQMa421(36 yuan),azadirachtin+CQMa421(37 yuan),and CQMa421(50 yuan).【Conclusion】The effects of single use of bio-pesticides against E.onukii ranked as:spinetoram>M.an

关 键 词：茶小绿叶蝉 金龟子绿僵菌CQMa421 生物源农药 艾绿士 印楝素 藜芦碱 

分 类 号：S435.711[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]