箭筈豌豆淀粉纳米颗粒的制备与特性表征  

Preparation and Characterization of Common Vetch Starch Nanoparticles

作　　者：彭媛媛 耿栋辉 唐宁 李正平 程永强 PENG Yuanyuan;GENG Donghui;TANG Ning;LI Zhengping;CHENG Yongqiang(College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学食品科学与营养工程学院,植物源功能食品北京市重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《保鲜与加工》2024年第12期85-90,共6页Storage and Process

基　　金：国家绿肥产业技术体系(CARS-22)。

摘　　要：淀粉来源广泛,纳米淀粉具有高吸附性、安全可降解和生物相容性好等优良性质,在食品包装、功能食品、食品添加剂、活性物质载体等领域展现了广阔的应用前景。为深度开发利用箭筈豌豆这一绿肥资源并构建箭筈豌豆淀粉纳米颗粒,以箭筈豌豆淀粉为原料,采用酶解回生体系、水-乙醇体系和二甲基亚砜-乙醇体系这3种纳米淀粉制备体系制备箭筈豌豆淀粉纳米颗粒,通过扫描电镜图、粒径、电位、X射线衍射图、短程有序度等指标对比分析3种箭筈豌豆淀粉纳米颗粒的结构特性。结果表明:3种改性方法均能制得淀粉纳米颗粒,同时使淀粉晶型从C型转变为V型,结晶度均有所降低。其中,通过二甲基亚砜-乙醇体系制得的箭筈豌豆淀粉纳米颗粒最均匀,在淀粉溶液与无水乙醇体积比为1∶5的条件下制备的纳米颗粒具有最均匀的球形颗粒分布,平均粒径为90 nm,Zeta电位为-10.2 mV,结晶度为11.52%,短程有序度最高(为0.440),是制备箭筈豌豆淀粉纳米颗粒的最佳体系。研究结果为箭筈豌豆淀粉的深度开发利用和淀粉纳米颗粒的构建提供了理论依据。Starch comes from a wide range of sources.Nano starch has excellent properties such as high adsorption,safe and degradable,and good biocompatibility,and has broad application prospects in food packaging,functional foods,food additives,active substance carrier,etc.In order to deeply develop and utilize the green manure resource of common vetch,and construct common vetch starch nanoparticles,the nanoparticles were prepared by three systems,namely enzymatic hydrolysis retrogradation system,water-ethanol system and dimethyl sulfoxide-ethanol system,and the structural properties of the three kinds of common vetch starch nanoparticles were compared and analyzed by scanning SEM map,particle size and potential,XRD,and FT-IR.The results showed that the three modification methods could prepare starch nanoparticles,and at the same time,the starch crystal form changed from C type to V type,and the crystallinity decreased.Among them,the common vetch starch nanoparticles prepared by dimethyl sulfoxide-ethanol system were the most uniform,and the nanoparticles prepared with starch solution and absolute ethanol at a volume ratio of 1:5 had the most uniform spherical particle distribution,with an average particle size of 90 nm,a zeta potential of-10.2 mV,a crystallinity of 11.52%,and the highest short-range order(0.440),which was the best system for the pre-paration of common vetch starch nanoparticles.The results provide a theoretical basis for the in-depth development and utilization of common vetch starch and the construction of starch nanoparticles.

关 键 词：箭筈豌豆 纳米淀粉 酶解回生法 反溶剂法 

分 类 号：TS235.3[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]