5岁以下儿童轮状病毒性腹泻流行病学特征及影响因素分析  

Analysis of epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of rotavirus diarrhea in children under 5 years old

作　　者：李鹂[1] 薛方 马萍[1] LI Li;XUE Fang;MA Ping(Planned Immunization Institute/Vaccine Clinical Evaluation Center,Shaanxi Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention Institute,Xi'an 710054;Laboratory Department,the Fourth People's Hospital of Shaanxi Province,Xi'an 710043,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西省疾病预防控制中心计划免疫所/疫苗临床评价中心,陕西西安710054 [2]陕西省第四人民医院检验科,陕西西安710043

出　　处：《临床医学研究与实践》2024年第35期22-25,共4页Clinical Research and Practice

摘　　要：目的分析5岁以下儿童轮状病毒性腹泻流行病学特征及影响因素。方法选取100例轮状病毒性腹泻患儿为腹泻组,另选取同期100例健康儿童为对照组。分析轮状病毒性腹泻患儿的临床特征;比较两组的血清指标水平和基线资料;分析5岁以下儿童轮状病毒性腹泻的影响因素。结果轮状病毒性腹泻患儿以男孩为主,发病年龄以2~3岁为主,发病季节以冬季为主,居住地以农村为主,临床症状以腹泻为主,粪便性质以水样便、蛋花汤样便为主。腹泻组的白细胞介素-2(IL-2)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)及肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平均高于对照组(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,吮指、挑食、手卫生不合格、玩具消毒频率≤1次/周、餐具/奶具消毒频率≤1次/周、近期有生冷或不洁饮食史、近期与腹泻患者接触、未接种轮状病毒疫苗是5岁以下儿童轮状病毒性腹泻的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论5岁以下儿童轮状病毒性腹泻常见于2~3岁,且以男孩居多,好发于冬季;其影响因素较多,临床应重点关注。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of rotavirus diarrhea in children under 5 years old.Methods A total of 100 children with rotavirus diarrhea were selected as diarrhea group,and 100 healthy children in the same period were selected as control group.The clinical characteristics of children with rotavirus diarrhea were analyzed;the serum indexes levels and baseline data of the two groups were compared;the influencing factors of rotavirus diarrhea in children under 5 years old were analyzed.Results The children with rotavirus diarrhea were mainly boys,and the age of onset was mainly 2-3 years old;the onset season was mainly in winter,and the residence was mainly in rural areas;the clinical symptoms were mainly diarrhea,and the stool properties were mainly watery stool and egg soup.The levels of interleukin-2(IL-2),interleukin-6(IL-6)and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)in the diarrhea group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis results showed that sucking fingers,picky eating,unqualified hand hygiene,disinfection frequency of toys≤1 time/week,disinfection frequency of tableware/milk utensils≤1 time/week,recent history of cold or unclean diet,recent contact with diarrhea patients,and non-vaccination of rotavirus vaccine were risk factors for rotavirus diarrhea in children under 5 years old(P<0.05).Conclusion Rotavirus diarrhea in children under 5 years old is common in 2-3 years old,and most of them are boys;the disease occurs in winter,and there are many influencing factors,which should be focused on in clinical practice.

关 键 词：轮状病毒 儿童 腹泻 流行病学特征 影响因素 

分 类 号：R725.7[医药卫生—儿科]