《公平竞争审查制度》能缩小企业劳动收入份额的地区差距吗  

The Fair Competition Review System:Can It Reduce Regional Disparities in the Labor Income Share

作　　者：李文静 赵立萍 许诺[3] 王彦超[4] Li Wenjing;Zhao Liping;Xu Nuo;Wang Yanchao(School of Business Administration,South China University of Technology;School of Accounting and Audit,Yunnan University of Finance and Economics;The New Type Key Think Tank of Zhejiang Province“China Research Institute of Regulation and Public Policy”,Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics;School of Accountancy,Central University of Finance and Economics)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学工商管理学院 [2]云南财经大学会计(审计)学院 [3]浙江财经大学中国政府监管与公共政策研究院(浙江省新型重点专业智库) [4]中央财经大学会计学院

出　　处：《南开管理评论》2024年第9期89-99,共11页Nankai Business Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(72102206、72462034);国家社会科学基金重大项目(21&ZD145)资助。

摘　　要：《公平竞争审查制度》有助于破除地方保护和区域壁垒、削减妨碍各种生产要素市场化配置和商品服务流通的体制机制障碍,是推动建设全国统一大市场的重要制度安排。本文以2013—2019年上市公司为样本,选取《公平竞争审查制度》这一反垄断体系中规制行政垄断的外生冲击政策,研究了《公平竞争审查制度》对企业劳动收入份额地区差异的影响。研究发现,在《公平竞争审查制度》实施后,不同行政垄断程度的地区之间企业劳动收入份额的差距显著缩小,说明《公平竞争审查制度》促进了初次分配环节的公平性。削弱垄断优势企业的融资优势与市场优势,并促使其通过调整营运资本、资本劳动要素替代弹性,是劳动收入份额差距缩小的重要渠道。异质性检验发现该制度实施的影响主要体现在市场高度集中、市场发展较慢及劳动议价能力和劳动保护较弱的样本中。本文的发现意味着市场公平竞争与共同富裕相辅相成,规制行政垄断、审查与清理违反公平竞争的政策措施,将更有助于促进全国统一大市场的形成,推动优化收入分配结构、实现共同富裕。Breaking local protectionism and market segmentation,leveraging the regional advantages of each province,and establishing a unified national market are crucial pathways to optimizing the efficiency of resource allocation in the national market.In June 2016,the State Council issued the“Opinions on Establishing a Fair Competition Review System in the Development of the Market System”,marking the formal establishment of China’s fair competition review system.On June 6,2024,the State Council’s Executive Meeting approved the“Regulations on Fair Competition Review,”which takes effect from August 1,2024,signifying that China has basically formed an antitrust legal system with Chinese characteristics,centered on the Anti-Monopoly Law,with relatively comprehensive content and robust institutions.The significant income distribution gap is a prominent issue facing China’s economic and social development,severely constraining balanced economic growth and social stability.Narrowing the income and wealth gap has become a pivotal aspect of achieving common prosperity.As the most fundamental market entities,enterprises employ a vast amount of labor force and bear the significant responsibility of primary income distribution in national income,with the distribution results primarily reflected in the labor income share of enterprises.How monopoly affects labor income share is a classic topic in labor economics,yet current research has not reached a consensus.Some studies suggest that monopoly hinders the increase in labor income share,while others provide evidence to the contrary.This paper argues that the heterogeneity of monopoly is an important factor contributing to these differing conclusions.Monopoly can be divided into economic monopoly and administrative monopoly.Firms with economic monopoly possess stronger markup capabilities,enabling them to obtain higher net profits after deducting labor and capital expenditures.Profit distribution tends to favor capital,thereby impeding the increase in labor income share

关 键 词：公平竞争审查 行政垄断规制 劳动收入份额 

分 类 号：F832.51[经济管理—金融学] F275