混合方法研究的原理与设计:以QCA与多案例研究的混合为例  

Principles and Designs of Mixed Methods Research:Take the Mixing of QCA and Multi-case Study as an Example

作　　者：孙宁[1] 杜运周[1] 陈凯薇 Sun Ning;Du Yunzhou;Chen Kaiwei(School of Economics&Management,Southeast University;Institute of Management Philosophy and Methodology,Southeast University)

机构地区：[1]东南大学经济管理学院

出　　处：《南开管理评论》2024年第9期185-196,共12页Nankai Business Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(72233001);国家自然科学基金项目(72072030)资助。

摘　　要：混合方法整合了多种研究方法的优势,具有优于单一研究方法的解释力,为分析日益复杂的管理现象提供了方法论。然而,尽管混合方法具有诸多优势并得到了反复呼吁,但大部分研究者对于其原理、设计和应用思路仍不清晰。基于混合方法的已有研究,本文梳理了混合方法的内涵、哲学基础及其设计类型。在此基础上,提出了QCA与多案例研究的混合方法,并分析了QCA与多案例研究的4种混合类型,分别为准混合设计、顺序混合设计、转换混合设计以及充分集成混合设计。最后,本文提出了开展混合方法研究时建议遵循的相关性、适配性、系统性和透明性4个原理,进而讨论了混合方法研究值得探索的发展方向。研究为开展其他混合方法研究提供了借鉴,对促进混合方法在管理学领域的应用和发展具有积极意义。The compatibility of research methods is one of the charac-teristics of management research.These methods mainly include most of the quantitative research methods with positivism as the philosophy standpoint and inclined to deductive reasoning logic in form,and most of the qualitative research methods with constructivism as the philoso-phy standpoint and inclined to inductive reasoning logic in form.Due to the differences in philosophy standpoints and paradigms,the debate on the relative value between quantitative and qualitative research methodologies has never stopped.In this process,mixed methods,as a third research paradigm,became a bridge between quantitative and qualitative research.Mixed methods integrate the strengths of multiple research methods,have superior explanatory power to single research method,and provide a methodology for analyzing increasingly complex management phenomena.However,mixed methods research is often accompanied by significant challenges in its specific application.For example,what kind of research questions are appropriate for mixed methods to analyze;how research methods based on different philos-ophy standpoints and paradigms can be mixed;how to complement the strengths and compensate for the weaknesses of different research methods,so as to enhance the value of the research;and the need for the researcher to master different research methods,devote more time and resources.These challenges have also led to a prominent problem in previous mixed methods research:'in some cases,researchers combine methods in a way that is redundant rather than a value add'.This implies that despite the advantages of mixed methods in integrating different re-search paradigms and improving the quality of research,most research-ers are still unclear about the rationale,design,and application of ideas in mixed methods research.Based on this,this paper tries to provide a set of guidelines for conduct-ing mixed methods research,firstly,clarifying the connotation and phi-losophy basis of mixed methods base

关 键 词：混合方法 混合类型 混合原理与设计 定性比较分析(QCA) 多案例研究方法 

分 类 号：C93[经济管理—管理学]