胎儿异常引产产妇病耻感状况及影响因素的横断面研究  

Cross-sectional study on the stigma status and its influencing factors of pregnant women with induced labor caused by fetal abnormalities

作　　者：章佩 章佳佳[1] 蒋杭蕾 夏慧华[1] ZHANG Pei;ZHANG Jiajia;JIANG Hanglei;XIA Huihua(The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University,Wenzhou,Zhejiang Province,325000)

机构地区：[1]温州医科大学附属第一医院,325000

出　　处：《中国计划生育学杂志》2024年第12期2724-2728,共5页Chinese Journal of Family Planning

摘　　要：目的:调查胎儿异常引产产妇病耻感状况并分析影响因素。方法:横断面调查研究,运用便利抽样法选取2021年6月1日-2023年12月31日本院胎儿异常引产产妇293例,采用一般资料调查表、引产病耻感量表(ILASS)、自尊量表(SES)、领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)、生育压力量表(FPI)收集患者病耻感、一般资料及可能影响因素,Pearson法行相关性分析,多元线性回归分析筛选胎儿异常引产产妇病耻感的影响因素。结果:本次发放问卷293份,有效问卷275份,有效回收率为93.9%;275例产妇ILASS评分23.45±6.12分、SES评分18.36±3.04分、PSSS评分49.68±6.11分、FPI评分143.45±30.74分;Pearson相关分析,ILASS评分与SES、PSSS评分呈负相关(r=-0.689,r=-0.765,均P<0.001),与FPI评分呈正相关(r=0.712,P<0.001);多因素分析显示,学历低、不良妊娠史、人工受孕、自尊水平低、社会支持低、生育压力大均为胎儿异常引产产妇病耻感的影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论:胎儿异常引产产妇普遍存在不同程度的病耻感,临床应根据病耻感可能影响因素采取干预措施,以减轻其病耻感,降低不良心理健康影响。Objective:To investigate the status of the stigma of pregnant women with abnormal fetal induction,and to analyze the influencing factors of the stigma.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted in this study.293 pregnant women with abnormal fetal induction in the hospital were selected by convenient sampling method from June 1,2021 to December 31,2023.The general data questionnaire,the induced labor stigma scale(ILASS),the self-esteem scale(SES),the perceived social support scale(PSSS)and the fertility stress scale(FPI)were used to collect the stigma,the general data and the factors might affect the stigma of the women.Pearson correlation analysis and the multiple linear regression analysis were used to screen the influencing factors of the stigma of the pregnant women with abnormal fetal induction,Results:293 questionnaires were distributed,and 275 valid questionnaires were returned,with an effective rate of 93.9%.The scores of ILASS,SES,PSSS and FPI of 275 pregnant women with fetal abnormalities were 23.45±6.12 points,18.36±3.04 points,49.68±6.11 points and 143.45±30.74 points,respectively.Pearson correlation analysis showed that the ILASS score of the women was negatively correlated with their SES and PSSS scores(r=-0.689,r=-0.765,all P<0.001),and which of the women was positively correlated with their FPI score(r=0.712,P<0.001).Multivariate analysis showed that the educational background,the adverse pregnancy outcomes history,the artificial insemination,the low self-esteem and social support,and the high fertility pressure of the women with abnormal fetal induction were the factors influencing their stigma(all P<0.05).Conclusion:The women with abnormal fetal induction have different degrees of stigma.The intervention measures should be taken according to the possible influencing factors of the stigma of the women to reduce their stigma and adverse mental health effect in clinic.

关 键 词：胎儿异常引产 病耻感 影响因素 

分 类 号：R473.71[医药卫生—护理学]