基于马斯洛需求层次理论的护理在急性心肌梗死经皮冠状动脉介入术后患者中的应用效果  

Application effects of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory-based nursing in patients with acute myocardial infarction after percutaneous coronary intervention

作　　者：霍卫敏 HUO Weimin(Department of Cardiology of Kaifeng People’s Hospital,Kaifeng 475000 Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]开封市人民医院心血管内科,河南开封475000

出　　处：《中国民康医学》2024年第24期159-162,共4页Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Health

摘　　要：目的:观察基于马斯洛需求层次理论的护理在急性心肌梗死经皮冠状动脉介入术(PCI)后患者中的应用效果。方法:回顾性分析2021年1月至2023年1月该院收治的92例急性心肌梗死PCI术后患者的临床资料,按照护理方法不同将其分为对照组和观察组各46例。对照组实施常规术后护理,观察组在对照组基础上实施基于马斯洛需求层次理论的护理,两组均持续护理1个月。比较两组护理前后心理状态[非精神科患者心理状态评估量表(MSSNS)]、自护能力[自我护理能力测定量表(ESCA)]评分,主要心血管不良事件发生率,以及护理满意度。结果:护理后,两组焦虑、抑郁、孤独、愤怒等MSSNS各维度评分均低于护理前,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);护理后,两组自我责任感、自我护理技能、健康知识水平、自我概念等ESCA各维度评分均高于护理前,且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组主要心血管不良事件发生率为2.17%(1/46),低于对照组的19.57%(9/46),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组护理满意度为95.65%(44/46),高于对照组的82.61%(38/46),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:基于马斯洛需求层次理论的护理应用于急性心肌梗死PCI术后患者可降低心理状态评分和主要心血管不良事件发生率,提高自护能力评分和护理满意度,效果优于常规术后护理。Objective:To observe application effects of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory-based nursing in patients with acute myocardial infarction after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).Methods:The clinical data of 92 patients with acute myocardial infarction after PCI admitted to this hospital from January 2021 to January 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.According to different nursing methods,they were divided into control group and observation group,46 cases in each group.The control group was given routine postoperative nursing,while the observation group was given the Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory-based nursing on the basis of that of the control group.Both groups received continuous nursing for 1 month.The scores of psychological state[mental status scale in non psychiatric settings(MSSNS)]and self-care ability[exercise of selfcare agency(ESCA)]before and after the nursing,the incidence of major cardiovascular adverse events,and the nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups.Results:After the nursing,the scores of MSSNS dimensions such as anxiety,depression,loneliness and anger in the two groups were lower than those before the nursing,those in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After the nursing,the scores of ESCA dimensions such as self-responsibility,self-care skills,health knowledge level and self-concept in the two groups were higher than those before the nursing,those in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events in the observation group was 2.17%(1/46),which was lower than 19.57%(9/46)in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Further,the nursing satisfaction of the observation group was 95.65%(44/46),which was higher than 82.61%(38/46)of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions

关 键 词：急性心肌梗死 马斯洛需求层次理论 经皮冠状动脉介入术 心理状态 自护能力 主要心血管不良事件 护理满意度 

分 类 号：R473.73[医药卫生—护理学]