2020—2022年某医院耐碳青霉烯类肠杆菌目细菌分布及耐药情况分析  

Distribution and Drug Resistance of Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterialesin A Hospital from 2020 to 2022

作　　者：孟艳平[1] 常军玲 李宁 曹兴华[1] MENG Yanping;CHANG Junling;LI Ning;CAO Xinghua(Laboratory Department,Luohe Central Hospital,Luohe 462000,China)

机构地区：[1]漯河市中心医院检验科,河南漯河462000

出　　处：《河南医学研究》2024年第24期4499-4503,共5页Henan Medical Research

摘　　要：目的 分析2020—2022年漯河市中心医院耐碳青霉烯类肠杆菌目细菌检出及耐药情况,以指导合理使用抗生素和医院感染防控。方法 回顾性分析2020年1月至2022年12月从漯河市中心医院患者标本中分离培养出的所有肠杆菌目细菌,采用WHONET 5.6软件进行统计、分析。结果 2020—2022年从漯河市中心医院分离出肠杆菌目细菌共2 540株,其中耐碳青霉烯类肠杆菌目细菌292株,检出率为11.50%,2020—2022年耐碳青霉烯类肠杆菌目细菌检出率分别为11.87%、10.92%、11.69%。其中检出量最多的3类耐碳青霉烯类肠杆菌目细菌为:肺炎克雷伯菌153株,占比52.4%;阴沟肠杆菌48株,占比16.44%;大肠埃希菌33株,占比11.30%。排名前3位的标本来源依次为痰液181例(61.99%)、尿液37例(12.67%)、血液15例(5.14%)。耐碳青霉烯类肠杆菌目细菌分布最多的科室为神经外科,共99株(33.90%),其次为重症监护室53株(18.15%)。药敏结果显示,耐碳青霉烯类肠杆菌目细菌对常规抗菌药物高度耐药,耐药率明显高于肠杆菌目细菌,2020—2022年,耐碳青霉烯类肠杆菌目细菌对部分药物耐药率呈下降趋势。结论 漯河市中心医院耐碳青霉烯类肠杆菌目细菌检出率高于全国水平,但呈下降趋势。耐碳青霉烯类肠杆菌目细菌药物耐药性高,对部分常用抗生素的耐药率下降。肠杆菌目细菌主要以肺炎克雷伯菌和阴沟肠杆菌、大肠埃希菌为主,最常见的感染部位是下呼吸道。Objective To analyze the detection and drug resistance of Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriales in Luohe Central Hospital from 2020 to 2022,in order to guide the rational use of antibiotics and hospital infection prevention and control.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on all Enterobacteriaceae bacteria isolated and cultured from patient specimens in Luohe Central Hospital from January 2020 to December 2022,using WHONET 5.6 software for statistics and analysis.Results From 2020 to 2022,a total of 2540 strains of Enterobacteriaceae bacteria were isolated from Luohe Central Hospital,among which 292 strains were Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriales,with a detection rate of 11.50%.The detection rates of Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriales from 2020 to 2022 were 11.87%,10.92%,and 11.69%,respectively.The three most frequently detected types of Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriales were Klebsiella pneumoniae(153 strains,accounting for 52.4%),Enterobacter cloacae(48 strains,16.44%),and Escherichia coli(33 strains,11.30%).The top three sources of specimens were sputum(181 strains,61.99%),urine(37 strains,12.67%),and blood(15 strains,5.14%).The departments with the most frequent distribution of Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriales were neurosurgery(99 strains,33.90%),followed by ICU(53 strains,18.15%).Antimicrobial susceptibility results showed that Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriales were highly resistant to conventional drugs,with significantly higher resistance rates than Enterobacteriales bacteria.From 2020 to 2022,the resistance rates of Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriales to some drugs showed a downward trend.Conclusion The detection rate of Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriales in Luohe Central Hospital is higher than the national level,but it is showing a downward trend.Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriales have high drug resistance,and the resistance rates to some commonly used antibiotics have decreased.The main Enterobacteriales bacteria are Klebsiella pneumoniae,Enterobacter cloaca

关 键 词：耐碳青霉烯类肠杆菌目细菌 耐药率 抗菌药物 

分 类 号：R446.5[医药卫生—诊断学]