社会经济地位指数:发展、应用与新议题  

Socioeconomic Index:Development,Applications and New Perspectives

作　　者：李桉涛 刘欣[1] Li Antao;Liu Xin

机构地区：[1]复旦大学社会学系

出　　处：《社会发展研究》2024年第4期226-241,M0007,共17页Journal of Social Development

基　　金：中宣部文化名家暨“四个一批”人才自主选题项目“中国转型社会的社会分层与流动”(主持人:刘欣)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：社会经济地位指数(Socioeconomic Index,SEI)的理论含义和计算方法在争议中不断明晰和发展。在理论上,它可以被理解为相对独立于职业声望的社会阶层地位。在计算方法上,研究者拓展了邓肯的方法,采用不涉及职业声望的百分位数法、结构方程法、RC关联模型法等估计SEI,在经验层次上撇清了SEI与职业声望的关系。SEI在中国的应用大体经历了两个阶段:其一,据邓肯的方法,通过对部分职业的声望调查估算更多职业的社会经济地位;其二,近十年来,更多学者倾向于在阶层地位的意义上使用SEI。将国际社会经济地位指数(International Socioeconomic Index,ISEI)用于具体国家或地区时,面临兼顾国际可比性和自身社会文化特殊性的困境。为避免削足适履,一些学者尝试构建更具自身社会文化特色的SEI,但尚缺乏突破性进展。本文提出了改造、应用乃至重新界定SEI的新议题。The theoretical and calculation methods of SEV/ISEI have evolved through continuous scholarly debate.Theoretically,SEI/ISEI can be viewed as a measure of social class status,relatively independent of occupational prestige.Methodologically,researchers have refined Duncan's approach,employing methods such as percentiles,structural equation modeling,and RC association models to estimate SEI independently of occupational prestige.The application of SEI in China has evolved in two stages.The first stage involved estimating the socioeconomic status of occupations based on their prestige,following Duncan's method.Over the past decade,the second stage has seen a shift toward using SEI/ISEI as indicators of class status.A major challenge in applying ISEI is balancing international comparability with local relevance.Some scholars have sought to develop localized SEI indices to avoid a one-size-fits-all approach,though progress in Chinese mainland remains limited.This paper identifies new directions for updating,applying,and potentially redefining SEI.

关 键 词：社会经济地位指数 社会地位 职业声望 职业地位测量 

分 类 号：C912.2[经济管理] D013[社会学]