个体书写建构历史记忆:宋代出使行记的撰述动因及书写特征  

Individual Writing Constructing Historical Memory:New Changes in the Writing Motivation and Writing Style of Travel Notes in the Song Dynasty

作　　者：刘师健[1] LIU Shi-jian(Institute of Literature,Hunan Academy of Social Sciences,Changsha,Hunan 410003,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省社会科学院、湖南省人民政府发展研究中心文学研究所,湖南长沙410003

出　　处：《湘潭大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第6期154-159,共6页Journal of Xiangtan University:Philosophy And Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助项目“宋代行记的文体形态及其文化意蕴”(22FZWB027)。

摘　　要：宋代出使行记在继承汉唐遗风的基础上,亦开创了出使行记写作的新思路。其撰述既有着出于进献朝廷的政治需求,同时又体现着使臣自身不同的主观撰述意愿。在华夷空间南北两分之世,使臣对各地的观察具有统一性,文本中直观地表现了当时宋与辽、金民众之间的社会生活,述时事,议国政,纪行的内容有所淡化,史事的内容得到强化,不少行记已超出了地方风土的传统范围,体现出由行程录向杂史靠近的发展趋势。其书写旨趣集政治性、学术性和文学性于一体,文体的叙事功能、纪实特征逐渐为世人所认同,既为使臣出使行程的个人记忆,同时也给集体留下了历史的记载,这种个性化叙事建构历史记忆的书写范式在中国行记史中具有典型的示范意义。On the basis of inheriting the legacy of the Han and Tang dynasties,the Song dynasty’s travel notes created a new way of writing.It was written out of the political need to contribute to the imperial court,and it also reflected the different subjective writing intentions of the envoys themselves.In the era of northern and southern division of Huayi space,the envoys’observation of the various places was unified,and the texts then directly represented the social life of the people of the Song dynasty,Liao dynasty and Jin dynasty.Narrating current affairs,and discussing state politics,the contents of travel records had been weakened,while the contents of historical events had been strengthened.Not a few travel records had gone beyond the traditional scope of local customs,reflecting the trend of development from travel records to miscellaneous history.The writing purport integrated political,academic and literary nature into one,and the narrative function and documentary feature of the style was gradually recognized by the world,that is,both keeping a personal memory of the envoy’s journey,and at the same time,leaving a record of history for the collective.This writing paradigm of constructing historical memory with individualized narration had a typical exemplary significance in Chinese travel recording history.

关 键 词：宋代出使行记 异域叙事 个体书写 历史记忆 

分 类 号：K244[历史地理—历史学] D691[历史地理—中国史]