黄腐酸施用对砂壤土灌溉玉米产量的影响  

Effects of fulvic acid application on maize yield under irrigation in sandy loam soil

作　　者：邬佳宾[1,2] 秦子元 郑和祥[1,2] 闫浩芳 王必玉 WU Jiabin;QIN Ziyuan;ZHENG Hexiang;YAN Haofang;WANG Biyu(Yinshanbeilu Grassland Eco-hydrology National Observation and Research Station,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropo-wer Research,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010020,China;Institute of Water Resources for Pastoral Area,MWR,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010020,China;National Research Center of Pumps,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang,Jiangsu 212013,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院内蒙古阴山北麓草原生态水文国家野外科学观测研究站,内蒙古呼和浩特010020 [2]水利部牧区水利科学研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010020 [3]江苏大学国家水泵及系统工程技术研究中心,江苏镇江212013

出　　处：《排灌机械工程学报》2024年第12期1272-1279,共8页Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技成果转化专项资金项目(2021CG0003);“科技兴蒙”重点专项项目(2021EEDSCXSFQZD010)。

摘　　要：为探明不同灌溉定额及黄腐酸施用模式下玉米干物质累积和产量形成规律,试验采用2因素随机区组设计,设置2个灌溉定额(W1:2250 m^(3)/hm^(2),W2:2700 m^(3)/hm^(2)),3个黄腐酸施用水平(H0:0,H1:45.0 kg/hm^(2),H2:67.5 kg/hm^(2)),共计6个处理,研究黄腐酸施用对灌溉玉米生长发育特征、干物质累积、水氮利用率、产量及相关性状等的影响.结果表明:高灌溉定额(W2)和黄腐酸施用均能提高玉米干物质累积及其形成速率,W2灌溉处理下黄腐酸施用可显著提升玉米成熟期株高、茎粗及叶面积指数,W1灌溉处理玉米叶面积指数提升显著.高灌溉定额处理玉米具有快增期持续时间长和增长速率大的特征,有利于玉米干物质累积.不同灌溉定额下,玉米产量随黄腐酸施用量增加而提升.综合考虑各项指标,W2H1处理为较优的研究区玉米水分和黄腐酸施用管理模式.研究结果为砂壤土地区玉米节水增产种植方式提供了理论依据和技术参考,具有重要的应用价值.In order to investigate the dry matter accumulation and yield formation patterns of maize under different irrigation quotas and fulvic acid application modes,a two-factor randomized block design was adopted in this study experiment.Two irrigation quotas(W1:2250 m^(3)/hm^(2),W2:2700 m^(3)/hm^(2))and three fulvic acid application levels(H0:0,H1:45.0 kg/hm^(2),H2:67.5 kg/hm^(2))were set,with a total of six treatments.The effects of fulvic acid application on the growth and development characteristics,dry matter accumulation,water and nitrogen utilization efficiency,yield,and correlation of irrigated maize were studied.The results show that both high irrigation quotas(W2)and the application of fulvic acid can increase the accumulation of maize dry matter and its formation rate.Under W2 treatment,the application of fulvic acid can significantly increase the plant height,stem diameter,and leaf area index of maize at maturity,while under W1 treatment,the improvement of the leaf area index is significant.High irrigation quota treatment has the characteristics of a long-duration of the rapid growth period and a high growth rate,which is conducive to the accumulation of dry matter in maize.Under different irrigation quotas,maize yield increases with the increase in fulvic acid application amount.By taking all indicators into consideration,the W2H1 treatment is recommended as the optimal water and fulvic acid application management mode for maize in the study area.The research results provide a theoretical basis and technical reference for water-saving and yield-increasing planting methods of maize in sandy loam soil areas,which has important application value.

关 键 词：灌溉定额 黄腐酸 玉米 干物质累积 产量 

分 类 号：S274.3[农业科学—农业水土工程]