饲料中添加黄芪多糖对刺参生长性能、肠道结构和菌群的影响  

Effect of dietary supplementation of Astragalus polysaccharides on growth performance,intestinal structure,and microbiota in Apostichopus japonicus

作　　者：王德娟 郑清寅 邵建春 覃盼 陈新华[1] 王学习 WANG De-juan;ZHENG Qing-yin;SHAO Jian-chun;QIN Pan;CHEN Xin-hua;WANG Xue-xi

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学海洋学院海水养殖生物育种全国重点实验室/福建省海洋生物技术重点实验室,福建福州350002

出　　处：《饲料研究》2024年第21期67-73,共7页Feed Research

基　　金：福建省海洋服务与渔业高质量发展专项资金项目(项目编号:FJHY-YYKJ-2022-1-13)。

摘　　要：试验旨在研究饲料中添加不同水平的黄芪多糖(APS)对刺参生长性能、肠道结构和菌群的影响。试验选取450头初重为(62.35±4.17)g的刺参随机分为3组,每组5个重复,每个重复30头刺参。Control组、CHM1组和CHM2组分别饲喂添加0、100和200 mg/kg APS的饲料,试验期60 d。结果显示,CHM2组刺参的末重、增重率和特定生长率显著高于其他组(P<0.05)。CHM2组刺参肠道的绒毛高度和肌层厚度显著高于其他组(P<0.05);CHM1与CHM2组的绒毛宽度显著低于Control组(P<0.05),且CHM1组显著低于CHM2组(P<0.05)。16S测序结果显示,变形菌门、厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门是刺参肠道菌落的优势菌门;CHM2组肠道菌落的多样性显著高于其他组(P<0.05),其特异优势菌落为α-变形菌纲、γ-变形菌目和芽孢杆菌等。研究表明,饲料中添加200 mg/kg APS,能够提高刺参的生长性能,改善肠道形态和细菌群落结构。The experiment aimed to investigate the effects of adding different levels of Astragalus polysaccharides(APS)to feed on the growth performance,intestinal structure,and microbial community of Apostichopus japonicus.A total of 450 Apostichopus japonicus with an initial weight of(62.35±4.17)g were randomly divided into three groups,with five replicates per group and 30 Apostichopus japonicus per replicate.The control group,CHM1 group,and CHM2 group were respectively fed feed containing 0,100,and 200 mg/kg APS,with a trial period of 60 days.The results showed that the final weight,weight gain rate,and specific growth rate of Apostichopus japonicus in the CHM2 group were significantly higher than those in the other groups(P<0.05).The villus height and muscle layer thickness of the intestines in Apostichopus japonicus from the CHM2 group were significantly higher than those in the other groups(P<0.05).The villus width in the CHM1 and CHM2 groups was significantly lower than that in the Control group(P<0.05),and the CHM1 group was significantly lower than the CHM2 group(P<0.05).16S sequencing results showed that Proteobacteria,Firmicutes,and Bacteroidetes were the dominant phyla in the Apostichopus japonicus intestinal microbiota.The diversity of the intestinal microbiota in the CHM2 group was significantly higher than in the other two groups(P<0.05),with specific dominant microbiota beingα-Proteobacteria,γ-Proteobacteria,and Bacillus.The study indicates that adding 200 mg/kg APS to feed can improve the growth performance,and enhance the intestinal morphology and bacterial community structure of Apostichopus japonicus.

关 键 词：黄芪多糖 刺参 生长性能 肠道结构 肠道菌群 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]