施肥对河北丰宁混播草地多样性和牧草营养物质含量的影响  

Effects of fertilization on diversity and nutrient content of forage in mixed owing grassland in Fengning,Hebei Province

作　　者：郭楠 姜塽 李佳嵘 高立杰[1,2] GUO Nan;JIANG Shuang;LI Jia-rong;GAO Li-jie

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学动物科技学院,河北保定071000 [2]河北大学,河北保定071000

出　　处：《饲料研究》2024年第21期115-119,共5页Feed Research

基　　金：河北省科学技术厅重点研发计划项目(项目编号:22327508D)。

摘　　要：试验旨在探究施肥对草地多样性和牧草营养物质含量的影响。试验设置4个施肥量(0、3.6、7.2和10.8 t/hm^(2)),在河北省承德市丰宁坝上地区的退化草地上对老芒麦(Elymus sibiricus)、扁穗冰草(Agropyron cristatum)、垂穗披碱草(Elymus nutans Griseb)和苜蓿(Medicago sativa)的混播草地进行施肥处理。结果显示,10.8 t/hm^(2)施肥组牧草高度显著高于其他施肥组(P<0.05);不同施肥处理的牧草类群数和个体数与未施肥组之间均无显著差异(P>0.05)。牧草的多样性指数、均匀度指数、优势度指数、丰富度指数随着施肥量的增加呈现先增加后下降的趋势;在施肥量为7.2 t/hm^(2)时,植物多样性指数、均匀度指数、优势度指数、丰富度指数显著高于其他处理(P<0.05)。总体上来说,各混播组合的地上生物量随着施肥量的增加而增加,除EEM外,施肥量为7.2 t/hm^(2)时,地上生物量最高;7.2 t/hm^(2)时AEM组合的NDF和ADF含量均显著低于各施肥处理组(P<0.05)。研究表明,施肥可以提高混播草地群落数量特征、牧草的多样性和牧草营养物质含量,在7.2 t/hm^(2)的施肥量处理下效果最好。The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of fertilization on grassland diversity and nutrient content of forage.The experiment set up four levels of fertilization(0,3.6,7.2,and 10.8 t/hm^(2))and applied them to a mixed sowing of Elymus sibiricus,Agropyron cristatum,Elymus nutans and Medicago sativa on degraded grasslands in Fengning Bahangang area of Chengde City,Hebei Province.The results showed that the forage height of 10.8 t/hm^(2) fertilization group was significantly higher than that of other fertilization groups(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in the number of forage groups and individuals under different fertilization treatments(P>0.05).The Margalef index evenness index,Simpson index and Shannon-Wiener index of forage increased first and then decreased with the increase of fertilizer amount.Plant diversity index,evenness index,dominance index and abundance index were significantly higher than those of other treatments when the fertilizer rate was 7.2 t/hm^(2)(P<0.05).In general,the above ground biomass of the mixed sowing combinations increased with the increase of fertilizer application rate.Expect EEM,the above ground biomass was the highest when the fertilizer application rate was 7.2 t/hm^(2).For AEM combination,NDF and ADF contents of 7.2 t/hm^(2) were significantly lower than those of all fertilization treatment groups(P<0.05)。The study indicates that fertilization can improve the quantitative characteristics of mixed sowing amount treatment,forage diversity and nutrient content of forage,and the best effect is achieved under the fertilization rate of 7.2 t/hm^(2).

关 键 词：施肥 混播 物种多样性 牧草养分 丰宁 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]