基于非靶向分析技术的钱塘江上游水体中有机物的组成、来源及时空分布  

Analysis of the Composition,Sources and Spatio-Temporal Change of Organic Matter in the Upper Reaches of the Qiantang River Based on Non-targeted Analysis Technology

作　　者：胡笑妍 张兰 林广 孙忠 戴昕 王国胜 张凯 马煜宁 HU Xiaoyan;ZHANG Lan;LIN Guang;SUN Zhong;DAI Xin;WANG Guosheng;ZHANG Kai;MA Yuning(Zhejiang Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center,Hangzhou 310012,China;Zhejiang Environmental Monitoring Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 310012,China;Focused Photonics(Hangzhou),Inc,Hangzhou 310052,China;College of Environmental&Resource Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310012,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省生态环境监测中心,浙江杭州310012 [2]浙江环境监测工程有限公司,浙江杭州310012 [3]聚光科技(杭州)股份有限公司,浙江杭州310052 [4]浙江大学环境与资源学院,浙江杭州310012

出　　处：《中国环境监测》2024年第6期185-196,共12页Environmental Monitoring in China

摘　　要：流域水环境中的物质组成复杂、来源广泛,快速识别水体物质组成、来源及传输路径是保障水体安全的关键。钱塘江是浙西地区重要水源,在其上游的衢江、金华江、兰江共设5个点位并连续多天采样,通过非靶向筛查技术识别样品全量有机物组成,构建水体有机物质谱指纹谱,识别枯水期钱塘江上游水体中有机物组成、来源及传输路径。研究共识别16类77种有机物,在所有点位中检出率均超过90%,而其中硅氧烷类有机物检出的物种数最多、相对峰面积占比最大。通过特征有机物和主成分分析,结合流域周边工业产业分布,发现水体中有机物可能来源包括生活源中的个人护理品的使用,工业源中的纺织、医药、农药、材料的加工使用,以及农业源中农药的使用。通过对比衢江-兰江和金华江-兰江水样中的有机物种类及相对峰面积,发现衢江对兰江水质有机物的贡献更大,日间输入的影响更大。此外,兰江还受到周边污染源的影响。The complex composition and dispersed sources of water pollutants require effective chemical identifications,multiple source apportionment,and exploration of significant transport pathways,all of which are key to guarantee a safe water environment.Qiantang River serves as an important water source for western Zhejiang region.Five sites were set up at the Qujiang River,Jinhua River and Lanjiang River in the upper reaches of Qiantang River and samples were collected continuously for five days.Nontargeted screening technology was used to identify the full organic composition of the samples,construct the fingerprint spectrum of organic matter spectrum in water body,and identify the composition,source and transport path of organic matter in the upper reaches of Qiantang River during dry season.The results showed that there were 16 kinds of 77 organic compounds,and the detection rate was above 90%in all sites,among which siloxanes had the largest number of species and the largest proportion of relative peak area.Through the characteristic analysis and principalcomponent analysis,combined with the industrial distribution along the rivers,it was suggested that the organic pollutants probably originated from the use of personal care products as domestic sources,the manufacture and use of textiles,medicines,pesticides,and materials as industrial sources,and the use of pesticides as agricultural sources.Side-by-side comparisons of organic compositions and relative abundance in Qujiang River and Jinhua River with those detected in Lanjiang River revealed that significant amounts of pollutants follow the route from Qujiang River to Lanjiang River especially in the daytime.In addition,the pollution sources along the Lanjiang River contributed as well.

关 键 词：钱塘江上游 有机物指纹图谱 非靶向筛查 气质联用仪 

分 类 号：X832[环境科学与工程—环境工程]