基于物联网技术的医疗废弃物综合管理平台构建研究  

Research of the construction of a comprehensive management platform for medical waste based on Internet of Things technology

作　　者：谷鑫[1] 王晓雪[1] 李雪柏[1] 郭晓敏[1] Gu Xin;Wang Xiaoxue;Li Xuebai;Guo Xiaomin(Center for Logistics Operation and Management,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心后勤运营管理中心,北京102206

出　　处：《中国医学装备》2024年第12期173-177,共5页China Medical Equipment

基　　金：中国疾控中心北区实验室维持运转及工作保障项目(102393220020010000018)。

摘　　要：目的:构建基于物联网技术的医疗废弃物综合管理平台,实现医疗废弃物规范化精细化管理。方法:基于射频识别(RFID)传感技术、自动化装备技术、人工智能(AI)机器人技术、大数据、5G通讯等数字化技术,采用浏览器与服务器(B/S)架构,设置感知层、边缘计算层、传输层、平台层、应用层和展现层,构建集医疗废物收集、运输和处理全过程实时跟踪和监控管理的医疗废弃物综合管理平台。结果:医疗废弃物综合管理平台基于物联网架构设计,由智能化硬件装备、医疗废弃物业务管理系统和辅助决策系统3部分组成,完成医疗废弃物搜集处理的全流程、各环节自动化分类、识别、灭菌、环境信息采集、操作记录和自动化分发转运,实现医疗废弃物从收集到处置各业务环节全过程“零接触”处理、全方位“零死角”监控和全数据“一张网”分析的全程追溯,并实现非人工干预。结论:基于物联网技术的医疗废弃物综合管理平台能够满足医疗废弃物处置全流程监管,提升医疗废弃物管理机构日常运行效率,降低人工成本。Objective:To construct a comprehensive management platform for medical waste based on Internet of Things technique,so as to achieve standardized and refined management for medical waste.Methods:Based on radio frequency identification(RFID)technology,automation equipment technique,artificial intelligence(AI)robotics technique,big data,5G communication and other digital techniques,the browser and server(B/S)architecture was adopted to set perception layer,edge computing layer,transmission layer,platform layer,application layer and presentation layer,and to build a comprehensive management platform of medical waste that integrated real-time tracking,monitoring,control and management of the entire process of collection,transportation and disposal for medical waste.Results:The comprehensive management platform for medical waste was designed on the basis of Internet of Things architecture,which consisted of intelligent hardware equipment,business management system of medical waste,and auxiliary decision-making system.It can complete automated classification,identification,sterilization,environmental information collection,operation recording,and automated distribution and transportation of entire process and each stage of collection and processing for medical waste,and can realize traceability of whole course for“zero contact”processing,comprehensive“zero blind spots”monitoring,and full data“one network”analysis of the entire process included each stage from collection to disposal for medical waste.Conclusion:The comprehensive management platform for medical waste based on Internet of Things technique can meet the supervision of full process for the disposal of medical waste,and can improve the daily operational efficiency of management institutions of medical waste,and reduce labor costs.

关 键 词：物联网技术 医疗废弃物 管理平台 医疗废弃物处理处置 

分 类 号：R197.39[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]