大柳塔煤矿地下水库水化学特征及来源解析  

Hydrochemical characteristics and component sources of water in underground reservoirs in the Daliuta Coal Mine

作　　者：张海涛 蒋斌斌[1] 张海琴 李鹏 吴敏 郝经纬 胡瑜恬 ZHANG Haitao;JIANG Binbin;ZHANG Haiqin;LI Peng;WU Min;HAO Jingwei;HU Yutian(State Key Laboratory of Water Resource Protection and Utilization in Coal Mining,Beijing 102211,China;School of Earth and Environment,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan 232001,China;Shendong Coal Group Co.,Ltd.,CHN Energy,Shenmu 719315,China)

机构地区：[1]煤炭开采水资源保护与利用国家重点实验室,北京102211 [2]安徽理工大学地球与环境学院,安徽淮南232001 [3]国家能源集团神东煤炭集团,陕西神木719315

出　　处：《煤田地质与勘探》2024年第12期118-130,共13页Coal Geology & Exploration

基　　金：煤炭开采水资源保护与利用国家重点实验室2020年开放基金课题(GJNY-20-113-10);国家自然科学基金面上项目(42272281)。

摘　　要：【目的】煤矿地下水库具有储存和净化矿井水的功能,深入理解水库水体的水化学特征及形成机制是大规模开发矿井水处理技术的重要前提。【方法】以神东大柳塔煤矿地下水库为对象,通过对水库进出水水样采集测试与分析,结合离子比值法、多元统计分析(包括相关性分析和主成分分析)和正矩阵分解模型等方法,分析了水库水体的水文地球化学特征及组分来源。【结果和结论】结果表明:(1)与水库进水水质相比,出水处水体的固体悬浮物(SS)、电导率(EC)、溶解性总固体(TDS)、Fe^(3+)、Mn^(2+)等重金属指标明显降低,且沿着水流方向上Na^(+)、Cl^(-)含量逐渐增加,Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)含量逐渐降低,水化学类型由进库的Cl·SO_(4)-Ca型向出库的Cl·SO_(4)-Na·Ca型和Cl·SO_(4)-Na型转变。(2)水库内垮落岩石主要为泥岩和砂岩,其矿物成分包括石英、正长石、钠长石、伊利石、高岭石、绿泥石、石膏和黄铁矿等,发生的水文地球化学作用主要包括矿物溶解(即岩盐、硅酸盐和石膏溶解)、阳离子交换、吸附和沉淀以及混合作用。(3)水库水体的水化学组分主要受矿物溶解和阳离子交换作用(F1)、离子的吸附和沉淀作用(F2)、不同水源的混合作用(F3) 3种因子控制,三者对水库水体离子质量浓度的平均贡献率分别为57.2%、22.0%和20.8%。(4) F1对Na^(+)、K^(+)、Ca^(2+)、Cl^(-)、SO_(4)^(2-)和HCO_(3)^(-)质量浓度的贡献率依次为86.9%、78.8%、79.2%、79.7%、74.0%、74.8%;F2对Fe^(3+)和Mn^(2+)质量浓度的贡献率分别为83.9%和70.3%;F3对Mg^(2+)质量浓度的贡献率为84.9%。研究成果为深入理解煤矿地下水库水质净化机理提供了理论支持,并为优化矿井水处理技术和实现水资源可持续利用提供了技术指导。[Objective]Underground reservoirs in coal mines are capable of storing and purifying mine water.A deep understanding of the hydrochemical characteristics and formation mechanisms of water in underground reservoirs is identified as an important prerequisite for large-scale development of technologies for mine water treatment.[Methods]This study investigated the underground reservoirs in the Daliuta Coal Mine within the Shendong area by testing and analyzing their influent and effluent water samples.Using methods such as the ion ratio method,multivariate statistical analyses(e.g.,correlation analysis and principal component analysis(PCA)),and the positive matrix factorization(PMF)model,this study delved into the hydrogeochemical characteristics and component sources of water in the underground reservoirs.[Results and Conclusions]The results of this study indicate that compared to the influent water of the under-ground reservoirs,the effluent water exhibits significantly reduced heavy metal indicators including suspended solids(SS),electrical conductivity(EC),total dissolved solids(TDS),Fe^(3+),and Mn^(2+).Furthermore,the Na^(+) and Cl^(-) concentra-tions progressively increase while the Ca^(2+) and Mg^(2+)concentrations gradually decrease along the water flow direction.The hydrochemical type shifts from the CI·SO_(4)-Ca type of the influent water to the Cl·SO_(4)-Na·Ca and Cl·SO_(4)-Na types of the effluent water.The rocks collapsing in the underground reservoirs consist primarily of mudstones and sandstones.Their minerals comprise quartz,orthoclase,albite,illite,kaolinite,chlorite,gypsum,and pyrite.The principal hydrogeo-chemical processes the rocks experience include mineral dissolution(ie.,dissolution of halite,silicate,and gypsum),cation exchange,adsorption,precipitation,and mixing.The hydrochemical composition of water in the underground reservoirs is predominantly controlled by three factors:mineral dissolution and cation exchange(F1),the adsorption and precipitation of ions(F2),and the mixing of differen

关 键 词：水化学特征 水岩相互作用 来源解析 PMF模型 煤矿地下水库 大柳塔煤矿 

分 类 号：TD12[矿业工程—矿山地质测量]