论高水平对外开放语境下我国知识产权法律制度的完善——以CPTPP知识产权条款为视角  

Improving China's Intellectual Property Legal System in the Context of High-Level Opening-Up--A Perspective Based on the CPTPP Intellectual Property Provisions

作　　者：马忠法[1] 张宁[1] Ma Zhongfa;Zhang Ning(Fudan University,Shanghai 200438,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学,上海200438

出　　处：《贵州省党校学报》2024年第6期107-118,共12页Journal of Guizhou Provincial Party School

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“构建人类命运共同体国际法治创新研究”(项目批准号:18ZDA153)阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：高水平对外开放意指实施更大范围、更宽领域、更深层次、更加主动及更为安全的对外开放,即与过去的开放相比,水平更高、质量更优、作用更大,它以制度型开放为主线,而CPTPP等高标准经贸协定正在成为新规则的引领者。中国继续积极申请加入高水平的国际贸易投资协定,表明中国在制度型开放方面取得了明显进步。通过从商标、著作权、专利与知识产权执法四个角度对CPTPP的相关法律与我国现行法律进行比较分析,可以发现,在商标领域,我国未对气味商标作出相应规定,对未注册驰名商标的保护力度不够,以及在地理标志保护上存在可能混淆的情况。在著作权领域,我国对复制权的定义范围小于CPTPP的保护范围,在广播权和信息网络传播权的表述上存在争议,且权利保护期限短于CPTPP相关规定。在专利领域,我国和CPTPP要求执行的1991年UPOV公约在保护力度、保护模式、保护范围层面还存有不足,在新颖性、创造性的宽限期上未达到CPTPP的要求。此外,我国在边境执法与刑事程序与处罚上还存在法律用语表达欠缺或规定范围不清晰的问题。CPTPP可以为中国知识产权制度的完善提供有价值的借鉴与启示,即中国可以从立法和执法层面出发,对其相应法律制度做出相应调整以对标CPTPP,进而助力中国对外开放知识产权法律制度的进一步完善,更好地推进更高水平的对外开放。A high level of opening up to the outside world entails broader,deeper,more proactive,and safer engagement,representing an advancement over previous efforts in both quality and impact.This new phase of opening up is grounded in systematic reforms,with high-standard economic and trade agreements,such as the CPTPP,leading the way in setting new global rules.China has already made significant progress in system-based opening and will continue to actively participate in highlevel international trade and investment agreements,reflecting its commitment to this process.A comparative analysis of the relevant laws of the CPTPP and China's existing legal framework in four areas—trademarks,copyrights,patents,and the enforcement of intellectual property rights—reveals certain discrepancies.In the trademark domain,China has yet to establish regulations for odor marks,provides insufficient protection for unregistered well-known trademarks,and faces potential confusion in the protection of geographical indications.In the copyright field,China's definition of reproduction rights is narrower than that of the CPTPP,there are disputes over the interpretation of broadcasting rights and communication rights through information networks,and the protection term is shorter than that of the CPTPP.In the patent field,China's implementation of the 1991 UPOV Convention,as required by the CPTPP,shows deficiencies in the strength,mode,and scope of protection,with the grace period for novelty and inventiveness failing to meet CPTPP standards.Furthermore,issues persist with the clarity and scope of China's border law enforcement,criminal procedures,and penalties.The CPTPP offers valuable guidance for enhancing China's intellectual property rights(IPR)system.By making appropriate adjustments to its legal framework at both the legislative and enforcement levels to align with the CPTPP,China can further improve its IPR legal system,thereby advancing its high-level opening-up strategy.

关 键 词：高水平对外开放 CPTPP 知识产权 强化保护 

分 类 号：D923.4[政治法律—民商法学]