MXene与MWCNTs复合改性高密度聚乙烯的结晶及界面蒸发性能  

Crystallization and Interface Evaporation Properties of HDPE Modified by MXene and MWCNTs

作　　者：张军 贾仕奎 朱艳 张瑶瑶 王瑞泽 闫宗莹 吴磊 Jun Zhang;Shikui Jia;Yan Zhu;Yaoyao Zhang;Ruize Wang;Zongying Yan;Lei Wu(School of Materials Science and Engineering,National&Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Slag Comprehensive Utilization and Environmental Technology,Shaanxi University of Technology,Hanzhong 723000,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西理工大学材料科学与工程学院矿渣综合利用环保技术国家地方联合工程实验室,陕西汉中723000

出　　处：《高分子材料科学与工程》2024年第10期126-136,共11页Polymer Materials Science & Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52263004);陕西理工大学校级科研重点项目(SLGKYXM2305)。

摘　　要：以高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)为基体,采用MXene和碳纳米管(CNT)为改性填料,通过调控偶氮二甲酰胺(AC)的分解温度,并利用熔融共混与梯度温度模压法制备了一系列MXene/HDPE,MXene/CNT/HDPE发泡材料。利用哈克流变仪、X射线衍射仪、差示扫描量热仪和偏光显微镜对改性HDPE发泡材料的熔体黏度、晶体形态、结晶性能进行了测试,以探究发泡材料的熔体黏度对结晶及泡孔生长的影响;再利用红外测温仪、接触角测试仪与氙灯蒸发仪对改性HDPE发泡材料的导热性能、亲水性能与淡水/盐水界面蒸发速率进行测试,以探究填料对HDPE基发泡材料光热特性的影响。结果表明,MXene降低了发泡材料的熔体黏度,而CNT增加了发泡材料的熔体黏度;MXene和CNT对HDPE的晶体形态未产生明显影响,但一定程度上降低了HDPE基发泡材料的结晶度;MXene和CNT均可以提升发泡材料的导热性能,并且MX-ene使发泡材料的亲水性变好;除此之外,在1.5 kW/m^(2)的太阳辐照强度下,当MXene的质量分数为2%时,MXene/HDPE发泡材料的淡水和盐水的平均蒸发速率分别为1.34 kg/(m^(2)·h)和1.21 kg/(m^(2)·h),较纯HDPE泡孔材料提升了29.97%和29.04%;当MXene质量分数为2%,且CNT的质量分数为1%的时候,MXene/CNT/HDPE发泡材料的淡水和盐水平均蒸发速率分别为1.53kg/(m^(2)·h)和1.38kg/(m^(2)·h),且蒸发效率较纯HDPE泡孔材料的分别提升了39.97%和35.60%。A series of MXene/HDPE and MXene/CNT/HDPE foams were prepared using high-density polyethylene(HDPE)as matrix and MXene and carbon nanotube(CNT)as modified fillers by regulating the decomposition temperature of azodicarbonamide(AC)though melt blending and gradient temperature moulding method.The effects of melt viscosity on the crystallization and cell growth of modified HDPE foams were investigated by Haker rheometer,X-ray diffractometer(XRD),differential scanning calorimeter(DSC)and polarizing microscope(POM).The thermal conductivity,hydrophilic energy and the interface evaporation rate of fresh water and/or salt water of modified HDPE foam materials were tested by infrared thermometer,contact angle tester and xenon lamp evaporation meter to explore the effect of filler on the photothermal characteristics of HDPE foams.The results show that MXene decreases the melt viscosity of the HDPE-based foam materials,while CNT increases the melt viscosity of the materials;MXene and CNT do not have a significant effect on the crystal morphology of HDPE,but reduce the crystallinity of HDPE-based foam materials to a certain extent;however,both MXene and CNT could improve the thermal conductivity of the foams,and MXene improves the hydrophilicity of the foams.At the solar irradiation intensity of 1.5 kW/m^(2),when the mass fraction of MXene is 2%,the average evaporation rate of fresh water and/or salt water for MXene/HDPE foam material is 1.34 kg/(m^(2)·h)and 1.21 kg/(m^(2)·h),respectively,and the increase of pure HDPE cell material is 29.97%and 29.04%.The average evaporation rate of fresh water and brine of the HDPE foam is 1.53 kg/(m^(2)·h)and 1.38 kg/(m^(2)·h),respectively,and their evaporation efficiency are 39.97%and 35.60%higher than those of pure HDPE foam material.

关 键 词：MXene 碳纳米管 高密度聚乙烯 熔融共混 界面蒸发 

分 类 号：TQ325.12[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]