饲料脂肪水平对黑脊倒刺鲃肠道组织形态、消化酶活性及氧化应激的影响  

Effects of Dietary Lipid Levels on Intestinal Tissue Morphology,Digestive Enzyme Activity and Oxidative Stress in Spinibarbus caldwelli

作　　者：赖铭勇[1] LAI Mingyong(Fujian Institute of Freshwater Fisheries,Fujian Fuzhou 350002,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省淡水水产研究所,福建福州350002

出　　处：《饲料工业》2024年第24期62-68,共7页Feed Industry

基　　金：福建省种业创新与产业化工程渔业项目[闽农宗(2021)5号];财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系资助项目[CARS-46]。

摘　　要：以初始体重为(20.77±0.12)g的黑脊倒刺鲃(Spinibarbus caldwelli)为研究对象,分别投喂脂肪水平为5.5%(L5.5组)、7.0%(L7.0组)、8.5%(L8.5组)、10.0%(L10.0组)和11.5%(L11.5组)的5种等氮饲料进行为期51 d的饲养试验,以明确饲料脂肪水平对黑脊倒刺鲃肠道组织形态、消化酶活性及氧化应激的影响。结果表明,随着饲料脂肪水平的升高,肠道绒毛高度先逐渐上升后趋于稳定。较低(L5.5组)和较高(L10组、L11.5组)的饲料脂肪水平均显著降低肠道绒毛宽度(P<0.05)。肠道绒毛高度和绒毛宽度在L8.5组达到最高。与L5.5组相比,L7.0组、L10.0组和L11.5组均显著增加肠道肌层厚度(P<0.05)。较高(L8.5组、L10组、L11.5组)的饲料脂肪水平显著增加肠道绒毛的杯状细胞数目(P<0.05)。肠道α-淀粉酶活性随饲料脂肪水平增加而降低,L5.5组脂肪水平时活性最高。脂肪酶和胰蛋白酶活性则先增后减,分别在L7.0组和L8.5组时达到最高。饲料脂肪水平对肠道组织总超氧化物歧化酶活性没有产生显著性影响。较高(L10.0组、L11.5组)的饲料脂肪水平显著下降肠道组织的过氧化氢酶活性和增加肠道组织的丙二醛含量(P<0.05)。与L5.5组相比,L7.0组显著增加肠道组织总抗氧化能力(P<0.05)。综上所述,8.3%(L8.5组)的饲料脂肪水平供应能够协同调节肠道氧化应激、消化酶活性和肠道组织形态,促进黑脊倒刺鲃肠道的健康发育。Spinibarbus caldwelli with an initial body weight of(20.77±0.12)g were fed with five isonitrogen diets with lipid levels of 5.5%(L5.5),7.0%(L7.0),8.5%(L8.5),10.0%(L10.0)and 11.5%(L11.5)for 51 days to investigate the effects of dietary lipid level on intestinal structure,digestive enzyme activity and oxidative stress.The results showed that with the increase of dietary lipid level,the height of intestinal villus increased gradually at first and then stabilized.Both low(L5.5)and high(L10,L11.5)dietary lipid levels significantly reduced intestinal villus width(P<0.05).The height and width of intestinal villus were the highest in L8.5 group.Compared with the L5.5 group,the intestinal mucosal thickness in L7.0,L10.0 and L11.5 groups were all significantly increased(P<0.05).Higher dietary lipid levels(L8.5,L10.0,L11.5)significantly increased the number of goblet cells in intestinal villus(P<0.05).Theα-amylase activity of intestinal tissue decreased with the increase of dietary lipid level,and theα-amylase activity of L5.5 group was significantly higher than that of other groups(P<0.05).The lipase and trypsin activities of intestinal tissue increased first and then decreased,reaching the highest in L7.0 and L8.5 groups,respectively.Dietary lipid level had no significant effect on total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD)activity in intestinal tissues.Higher dietary lipid levels(L10.0,L11.5)significantly decreased the catalase activity and increased the malondialdehyde content in intestinal tissue(P<0.05).Compared with L5.5 group,L7.0 group significantly increased the total antioxidant capacity of intestinal tissue(P<0.05).Therefore,8.3%(L8.5)dietary lipid can synergistically regulate intestinal oxidative stress,digestive enzyme activity and intestinal tissue morphology,and promote the intestinal development of S.caldwelli.

关 键 词：黑脊倒刺鲃 脂肪水平 肠道组织形态 肠道健康 氧化应激 

分 类 号：S816.32[农业科学—饲料科学]