低蛋白精料补充料对泌乳期放牧牦牛瘤胃发酵参数、血清免疫指标及泌乳激素的影响  

Effects of Low Protein Concentrate Supplementation on Rumen Fermentation Parameters,Serum Immune Indices and Lactation Hormones in Lactating Grazing Yaks

作　　者：李世关 张潇戈 杨得玉 冯宇哲[1] 张晓卫[1] 崔占鸿[1] LI Shiguan;ZHANG Xiaoge;YANG Deyu;FENG Yuzhe;ZHANG Xiaowei;CUI Zhanhong(Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Forage-Feed of Grazing Yak and Tibetan Sheep in Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,Key Laboratory of Plateau Grazing Animal Nutrition and Feed Science of Qinghai Province,Yak Engineering Technology Research Center of Qinghai Province,Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary,Qinghai University,Qinghai Xining 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学畜牧兽医科学院,农业农村部青藏高原放牧牦牛藏羊动物营养与饲草料重点实验室,青海省牦牛工程技术研究中心,青海省高原放牧家畜动物营养与饲料科学重点实验室,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《饲料工业》2024年第24期78-82,共5页Feed Industry

基　　金：青海省中央引导地方科技发展资金项目[2023ZY017]。

摘　　要：试验旨在研究低蛋白精料补充料并补充过瘤胃赖氨酸和过瘤胃蛋氨酸对泌乳期放牧牦牛血清免疫指标、泌乳期激素及瘤胃发酵参数的影响。选取体况良好、体重相近的24头泌乳期放牧牦牛作为试验动物,随机分为3组,每组8个重复。高蛋白组(HP组)饲喂粗蛋白水平为16.66%的精料补充料,中蛋白组(MP组)饲喂粗蛋白水平为15.05%的精料补充料并额外添加0.23%过瘤胃赖氨酸和0.03%过瘤胃蛋氨酸,低蛋白组(LP组)饲喂粗蛋白水平为13.57%的精料补充料并额外添加0.46%过瘤胃赖氨酸和0.07%过瘤胃蛋氨酸。预试期8 d,正式试验40 d。结果表明,①3组间泌乳期牦牛各生长性能指标无显著差异(P>0.05);②3组间泌乳期牦牛瘤胃发酵参数无显著差异(P>0.05),乙酸和丙酸浓度有增加的趋势(0.05≤P<0.10);③3组间泌乳期牦牛血液免疫指标无显著差异(P>0.05),免疫球蛋白G有增加的趋势(0.05≤P<0.10);④3组间泌乳期牦牛血清中泌乳激素无显著差异(P>0.05)。综上可知,将泌乳期牦牛精料补充料中粗蛋白水平降低1.5%~3.0%并补充相应的过瘤胃氨基酸对泌乳期牦牛的瘤胃发酵不产生影响,也不影响泌乳期牦牛的免疫指标及泌乳激素的分泌。The aim of the experiment was to study the effects of low protein concentrate supplementation with per rumen lysine and per rumen methionine on serum immunity indexes,lactation hormones and rumen fermentation parameters of lactating grazing yaks.Twenty-four lactating grazing yaks in good condition and similar body weight were selected as test animals and randomly divided into three groups with eight replicates in each group.The high protein group(HP group)was fed concentrate supplement with 16.66%crude protein level,the medium protein group(MP group)was fed concentrate supplement with 15.05%crude protein level and additional 0.23%per rumen lysine and 0.03%per rumen methionine,and the low protein group(LP group)was fed concentrate supplement with 13.57%crude protein level and additional 0.46%per rumen lysine and 0.07%per rumen methionine.The pretest period was 8 days and the formal test was conducted for 40 days.The results showed that,①there were no significant differences(P>0.05)in growth performance indicators among the three lactation yak groups;②there were no significant differences(P>0.05)in rumen fermentation parameters among the three lactation yak groups,and there was a tendency to increase the concentration of acetic and propionic acids(0.05≤P<0.10);③there was no significant difference in blood immunity indexes among the three groups of lactating yaks(P>0.05),and immunoglobulin G tended to increase(0.05≤P<0.10);④there was no significant difference(P>0.05)between the blood immunity indexes of lactating yaks in the three groups.In conclusion,it can be seen that reducing the crude protein level in the concentrate supplement of lactating yaks by 1.5%-3.0%and supplementing the corresponding per rumen amino acids did not affect the rumen fermentation of lactating yaks,nor did it affect the immune indexes and the secretion of lactation hormones of lactating yaks.

关 键 词：泌乳牦牛 低蛋白精料补充料 放牧加补饲 瘤胃发酵 血清免疫 

分 类 号：S816.4[农业科学—饲料科学]