基于检索增强大语言模型的MBSE智能设计方法  

Intelligent MBSE design approach based on retrieval augmented large language model

作　　者：于晗 陈治源 熊熙瑞 戴原星[2] 蔡鸿明[1] YU Han;CHEN Zhiyuan;XIONG Xirui;DAI Yuanxing;CAI Hongming(School of Software,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;Marine Design&Research Institute of China,Shanghai 200011,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学软件学院,上海200240 [2]中国船舶及海洋工程设计研究院,上海200011

出　　处：《图学学报》2024年第6期1188-1199,共12页Journal of Graphics

基　　金：上海市青年科技英才扬帆计划项目(23YF1420600);上海交通大学新进教师启动计划项目(22X010503836)。

摘　　要：基于模型的系统工程(MBSE)是当今产品数字化设计的重要方法之一。然而由于系统工程极高的专业性和产品极高的复杂关联性,在复杂产品上应用基于模型的系统工程十分困难。针对这一问题,一种基于检索增强大语言模型的智能化设计方法被首次提出。方法首先建立了面向模型对象的多模态向量表示方法,通过检索增强生成技术,引入领域知识和建模规则,引导大模型更准确地生成MBSE模型视图;其次,提出了基于MBSE元素关联的视图优化方法,通过上下文交互结果交叉验证模型准确性;再次,通过大语言模型对建模工具接口调用和对候选零件的选择,实现设计模型和物料树的生成;最后,构建了一个包含24个场景模型的数据集对方法进行验证,实验结果表明该方法具有较高的准确性和可用性。以喷水推进装置为建模对象的案例研究也表明该方法能在保持可用性的基础上有效提升建模效率,对于基于MBSE方法的智能化具有重要意义。Model-based systems engineering(MBSE)is one of the most important methods for today’s digital design of products.However,due to the high specialization of systems engineering and the complex interrelationships within products,the application of MBSE to complex products has proven challenging.To address this problem,an intelligent design method based on retrieval-augmented large language model was proposed for the first time.The method first established an object-oriented multi-modal vector representation for models,leveraging retrieval-augmented generation techniques that incorporate domain knowledge and modeling rules to guide the model in more accurately generating MBSE model diagrams.Secondly,a diagram optimization method based on the MBSE model relations was proposed,cross-validating the model accuracy through the results of contextual interaction.Thirdly,the large language model was employed to call modelling APIs and to select the proper materials to generate design models and eBOM.Finally,a dataset containing 24 scenario models was constructed for method validation.Experimental results showed that the approach possessed high accuracy and usability.A case study with water jet propulsion as the modelling object further demonstrated that the approach can effectively enhance the modelling efficiency while maintaining usability,marking an important step toward intelligent application of model-based systems engineering.

关 键 词：基于模型的系统工程 大语言模型 智能设计 提示词工程 计算机辅助设计 

分 类 号：TP391[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术] TP18[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术] N945[自然科学总论—系统科学]