和蔼巴非蛤人工育苗及稚贝培育技术  

Artificial Seedling and Juvenile Shell Cultivation Technology of Paphia amabilis

作　　者：巫旗生[1] 宁岳[1] 祁剑飞[1] 郭香[1] 罗辉玉 曾志南[1] 葛辉[1] WU Qi-sheng;NING Yue;QI Jian-fei;GUO Xiang;LUO Hui-yu;ZENG Zhi-nan;GE Hui(Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province,Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources,Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian,Xiamen,Fujian 361013,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省水产研究所/福建省海洋生物增养殖与高值化利用重点实验室/福建省海洋生物资源开发利用协同创新中心,福建厦门361013

出　　处：《福建农业科技》2024年第10期9-14,共6页Fujian Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：国家贝类产业技术体系项目(CARS-49);国家海洋水产种质资源库(2024);福建省海洋服务与渔业高质量发展专项资金项目(FJHY-YYKJ-2024-1-13)。

摘　　要：探讨了和蔼巴非蛤Paphia amabilis的人工育苗技术与稚贝培育技术,旨在为实现和蔼巴非蛤苗种规模化、高效化的繁育生产提供技术资料。分别采用聚类分析、单因素方差分析等方法,开展了和蔼巴非蛤物种鉴定及苗种繁育关键技术研究。结果表明:稚贝的COI序列与Paphia amabilis序列相似度为100%,所测稚贝均为和蔼巴非蛤。在和蔼巴非蛤繁殖期选择平均壳长为45.37 mm的亲贝,采用阴干+氨海水刺激的催产方法获得受精卵,催产率和孵化率分别为59.25%、91.68%。在水温28.1℃、盐度27.5的条件下,受精卵经20 h发育为D形幼虫,幼虫培育密度为1~2个·mL^(-1),经过9 d发育至变态幼虫期。采用细砂作为附着基,经过3~5 d培育,幼虫全部变态为稚贝,变态率可达50%以上。早期稚贝采用有砂培育,壳长大于1 mm的稚贝则采用无砂培育,稚贝经过6个月室内水泥池培育,壳长可达12 mm以上。选用壳长大于12 mm的稚贝开展中苗室外水泥池培育试验,结果显示架空组的生长速度和成活率显著高于未架空组。The techniques of artificial breeding and juvenile shellfish cultivation of Paphia amabilis were discussed in order to provide technical data for large-scale and efficient breeding and production of P.amabilis seedlings.The clustering analysis and single factor analysis of variance were used to study the key techniques of species identification and seedling breeding of P.amabilis.The results showed that the similarity between the COI sequences of the juvenile shellfish and those of P.amabilis was 100%.The measured juvenile shellfish were all P.amabilis.The parent shellfish with an average shell length of 45.37 mm were selected during the breeding period of P.amabilis.The fertilized eggs were obtained by the method of drying in the shade and ammonia seawater stimulation.The induced spawning rate and hatching rate were 59.25%and 91.68%,respectively.Under the conditions of water temperature of 28.1℃and salinity of 27.5,the fertilized eggs developed into the D-shaped larvae after 20 hours,and the larvae were developed to metamorphosis larvae after 9 days with the culturing density of 1-2 inds·mL^(-1).After 3-5 days of cultivation with fine sand as the attachment base,all the larvae were developed into juvenile shellfish,and the metamorphosis rate could reach more than 50%.In the early stage,the juvenile shellfish were cultured with sand,while the juvenile shellfish with the shell length greater than 1 mm were cultured without sand.The shell length of juvenile shellfish could reach more than 12 mm after 6 months of indoor cement pond cultivation.The juvenile shellfish with the shell length greater than 12 mm were selected to carry out the seedling cultivation experiment in outdoor cement pond.The results showed that the growth rate and survival rate of the overhead group were significantly higher than those of the non-overhead group.

关 键 词：和蔼巴非蛤 人工育苗 幼虫培育 稚贝培育 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]