水淹胁迫对三角梅形态结构和生理特性的影响  

Effects of Waterlogging Stress on the Morphological Structure and Physiological Characteristics of Bougainvillea

作　　者：梁晓英 连红平 杨卓生 刘惠香 郑庆华 游永彬 杨林[1] 陈莹[1] LIANG Xiao-ying;LIAN Hong-ping;YANG Zhuo-sheng;LIU Hui-xiang;ZHENG Qing-hua;YOU Yong-bin;YANG Lin;CHEN Ying(Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China;Zhongmin Mingtai Group Co.,Ltd.,Xiamen,Fujian 361001,China;Fujian Art Scenery Ecological Construction Group Co.,Ltd.,Xiamen,Fujian 361001,China;Xintai Construction Group Co.,Ltd.,Xiamen,Fujian 361001,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学,福建福州350002 [2]中闽铭泰集团有限公司,福建厦门361006 [3]福建艺景生态建设集团有限公司,福建厦门361001 [4]鑫泰建设集团有限公司,福建厦门361001

出　　处：《福建农业科技》2024年第10期49-56,共8页Fujian Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：福建省住房和城乡建设厅科技研究开发计划项目(2022-K-200)。

摘　　要：为探究水淹胁迫对三角梅形态结构和生理特性的影响,采用盆栽水淹方法,选择规格相近、生长状况良好的2年生大红三角梅Bougainvillea spectabilis‘Crimsonlake’盆栽苗为试验材料,设置对照(CK)、根淹(P1)、半淹(P2)、全淹(P3)4个处理,并记录测定三角梅的生长状态和生理生化指标。结果表明:随着水淹胁迫时间增加,三角梅苞片萎缩,叶片出现黄斑、下垂等症状;在胁迫期间,SOD、POD、CAT活性呈先上升后下降的趋势;MDA含量于10 d达到峰值,后含量呈下降趋势;与CK组相比,P1、P2的Pro含量呈上升趋势,而P3的Pro含量则显著下降;其中SP含量在胁迫时表现出一直下降的趋势;光合参数Pn、Tr和Gs指标在胁迫时呈下降的趋势,特别是P3的下降幅度最大,但Ci呈先下降后上升的变化趋势。综合分析,三角梅可以抵抗较轻程度的水淹胁迫,在水淹前期,三角梅通过提高酶活性和渗透调节物质来抵御水淹胁迫,但长期水涝和重度水涝会限制其生长,水淹程度越深,胁迫天数越长,抑制越明显。In order to explore the effects of waterlogging stress on the morphological structure and physiological characteristics of Bougainvillea,the pot waterlogging method was used,and the two-year-old potted seedlings of Bougainvillea spectabilis‘Crimsonlake’with similar specifications and good growth conditions were selected as the experimental materials.Then,the four treatments were set up:control(CK),root flooding(P1),partial flooding(P2)and complete flooding(P3).And the growth status and physiological and biochemical indexes of Bougainvillea were recorded and determined.The results showed that with the increase of waterlogging stress time,the bracts of Bougainvillea shrank,and the leaves showed the symptoms such as yellow spots and drooping.During the stress period,the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD),and catalase(CAT)exhibited an initial increase followed by a decline.The content of malondialdehyde(MDA)content reached the peak at day 10 and then showed a decreasing trend.Compared to the control group,the proline(Pro)content in the treatments P1 and P2 showed an upward trend,while the Pro content in P3 decreased significantly.The soluble protein(SP)content showed a consistently-decreasing trend under the stress.The photosynthetic parameters of net photosynthetic rate(Pn),transpiration rate(Tr),and stomatal conductance(Gs)all showed a decreasing trend,with the most significant reduction in P3.However,the intercellular CO2 concentration(Ci)showed a trend of decreasing first and then increasing.The comprehensive analysis revealed that Bougainvillea could resist the lighter degree of waterlogging stress.In the early stage of waterlogging,Bougainvillea resisted the waterlogging stress by increasing the enzyme activity and osmotic adjustment substances.However,the long-term waterlogging and severe waterlogging would limit its growth.The deeper the waterlogging degree was,the longer the stress days were,and the more obvious the inhibition was.

关 键 词：三角梅 水淹胁迫 形态变化 生理生化 光合参数 

分 类 号：S685.99[农业科学—观赏园艺]