福建省不同地区及不同果蔬生育期蓟马种群调查  

Survey of Thrips Population in Different Regions and Different Fruit and Vegetable Growth Stages in Fujian Province

作　　者：林硕[1] 陈艺欣[1] 魏辉[1] 陈勇[1] 田厚军[1] LIN Shuo;CHEN Yi-xin;WEI Hui;CHEN Yong;TIAN Hou-jun(Institute of Plant Protection,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests/Fuzhou Scientific Observing,Experimental Station of Crop Pests of Ministry of Agriculture,Fuzhou,Fujian 350013,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院植物保护研究所/福建省作物有害生物监测与治理重点实验室/农业部福州作物有害生物科学观测试验站,福建福州350013

出　　处：《福建农业科技》2024年第10期63-68,共6页Fujian Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金项目(2023J06040);福建省科技计划省属公益类项目(2024R1023001);福建省科技计划星火项目(2023S0025);福建省人民政府、中国农业科学院“5511”协同创新工程(CXTD2021004-3、XTCXGC2021011)。

摘　　要：为进一步明确福建省不同地区不同寄主作物上蓟马的优势种群,掌握不同地区不同寄主生育期蓟马的分布情况。首先开展了福建省9个地市60个县区的蓟马种类普查,同时,选取了3个固定的果蔬监测基地开展了为期两年(2017-2018年)的不同寄主以及不同生育期蓟马种群调查试验。结果表明:福建省常见蔬菜上主要有5种蓟马(花蓟马、棕榈蓟马、黄胸蓟马、豆大蓟马、管蓟马),其中以花蓟马、棕榈蓟马和豆大蓟马为优势种群,在福建省9个地市均有分布,其次为管蓟马(仅厦门市未在调查中发现),黄胸蓟马仅在福建省个别地市中分布。丝瓜、黄秋葵和茄子上蓟马种类最多,均为5种,其次为丝瓜、辣椒和豇豆,而在葫芦、南瓜、芦笋、空心菜和紫苏上均未发现上述5种蓟马。在3个固定监测点调查了草莓、黄瓜、西红柿、茄子、哈密瓜和辣椒6种寄主,主要以棕榈蓟马、黄胸蓟马和花蓟马为主,温室大盘草莓蓟马种群数量显著高于露地种植,温室大棚内黄瓜、西红柿和茄子上的蓟马种群数量依次减少,哈密瓜上蓟马种群数量显著高于辣椒,总体上不同寄主生育期蓟马种群数量开花期>坐果期>成熟期>苗期。调查结果可为蓟马类害虫的精准防控提供科学依据。In order to further clarify the dominant populations of thrips on different host crops in different regions of Fujian Province,and to grasp the distribution of thrips at different host growth stages in different regions,in this study,the species survey of thrips in 60 counties and districts of 9 cities in Fujian Province was carried out.At the same time,three fixed fruit and vegetable monitoring bases were selected to carry out a two-year(2017-2018)survey of thrips populations on different hosts and at different growth stages.The results showed that there were mainly 5 kinds of thrips(Frankliniella intonsa,Thrips palmi,Thrips hawaiiensis,Megalurothrips usitatus,phlaeothripidae)on the common vegetables in Fujian Province.Among them,F.intonsa,T.palmi and M.usitatus were the dominant populations,which were distributed in 9 cities of Fujian Province,followed by phlaeothripidae(only not found in Xiamen City in the survey).T.hawaiiensis was only distributed in the individual cities in Fujian Province.Okra and eggplant had the most species of thrips,with 5 species,followed by luffa,red pepper and cowpea,while the above 5 thrips were not found on gourd,pumpkin,asparagus,water spinach and perilla.The six host plants,including strawberry,cucumber,tomato,eggplant,cantaloupe and pepper,were investigated at the three fixed monitoring sites.And the dominant species of thrips were Thrips palmi,Thrips hawaiiensis and Frankliniella intonsa.The population of thrips on strawberry in greenhouse was significantly higher than that planted in the open field.The population of thrips on cucumber,tomato and eggplant in greenhouse decreased successively,while the population of thrips on Hami melon was significantly higher than that on pepper.In general,the population number of thrips at different host growth stages was as follows:flowering stage>fruit bearing stage>mature stage>seedling stage.The survey results could provide scientific basis for the precise prevention and control of thrips pests.

关 键 词：蓟马 种类 调查 不同地区 不同生育期 

分 类 号：S436[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]