静水脉冲电场环境下鳙鱼幼鱼感应和折返行为研究  

Sensing and returning behavior of juvenile bighead carp(Aristichthys nobilis)under pulsed electric field in static water

作　　者：林非 李弘毅 杨胜仪 李婷 林国帆 郭辉[2,4] LIN Fei;LI Hongyi;YANG Shengyi;LI Ting;LIN Guofan;GUO Hui(Chitan Hydro-Electric Power Plant,Huadian Furui Energy Development Co.,Ltd.,Sanming 354400,China;Institute of Hydraulics,Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute,Wuhan 430010,China;College of Hydraulic&Environmental Engineering,China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443002,China;Hubei Provincial Laboratory of Water Resources and Ecological Environment Science,Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute,Wuhan 430010,China)

机构地区：[1]福建华电福瑞能源有限公司池潭水力发电厂,福建三明354400 [2]长江科学院水力学研究所,湖北武汉430010 [3]三峡大学水利与环境学院,湖北宜昌443002 [4]长江科学院流域水资源与生态环境科学湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430010

出　　处：《人民长江》2024年第12期93-100,共8页Yangtze River

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U2340218,52130903);国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3203904);水利部重大科技项目(SKS-2022123);中央级科研院所基本科研业务费(CKSF2023401/SL,CKSF20231026/SL);中国华电集团公司科研项目(1016D202300074)。

摘　　要：脉冲电场在鱼类行为调控方面具有较好的工程应用意义,但当前研究大多聚焦于脉冲电场参数对鱼类拦截率、昏迷率等表观效果指标的影响,而对鱼类感应和折返行为的影响规律尚不清晰。基于静水水槽实验,通过正交实验设计,研究了脉冲电场强度、脉冲频率和占空比等关键脉冲电场参数对鳙鱼幼鱼感应和折返行为的影响。结果表明:①影响实验鱼类感应距离和折返距离的脉冲电场参数由大到小依次为脉冲电场强度>脉冲宽度>脉冲频率;②实验条件下鱼类感应距离为40.2~92.2 cm,折返距离为17.4~74.5 cm;③脉冲电场强度40 V/m,脉冲频率5 Hz,脉冲占空比5%为较佳脉冲电场参数组合,该工况可在中等电场强度条件下实现较好拦截效率。研究结果可为鱼类行为基础研究和鱼类行为调控工程应用提供依据。The pulse electric field has significant engineering applications in the regulation of fish behavior.Current researches mostly focus on the effects of pulse electric field parameters on apparent performance indicators such as fish interception rate and stun rate,while their influences on fish sensing and returning behaviors remain unclear.Based on static water tank experiments and an orthogonal experimental design,this study investigated the effects of key pulse electric field parameters including pulse voltage,pulse frequency,and duty cycle on the sensing and returning behaviors of juvenile bighead carp(Aristichthys nobilis).The results indicated that:①The influence of electrodynamic parameters affecting the interception efficiency of juvenile bighead carp from strong to low were pulse voltage>pulse width>pulse frequency;②Fish sensing distances were 40.2 to 92.2 cm and returning distances were 17.4 to 74.5 cm under experimental conditions;③The parameter setting of 40 V/m pulsed electric field intensity,5 Hz pulse frequency,and 5%in that a good interception efficiency can be achieved under a medium voltage intensity condition.These findings can provide the scientific and technical basis for the basic research of fish behavior and the application of fish behavior regulation engineering.

关 键 词：脉冲电场参数 水槽实验 鳙鱼幼鱼 感应与折返行为 阈值范围 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学]