厌氧消化工艺中生物固碳技术与途径研究进展  

Research Advances in Biological Carbon Fixation Technology and Pathways in Anaerobic Digestion Process

作　　者：纪晓云 张景新 何义亮 JI Xiaoyun;ZHANG Jingxin;HE Yiliang(China-UK Low Carbon College of Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 201306,China;School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学中英国际低碳学院,上海201306 [2]上海交通大学环境科学与工程学院,上海200240

出　　处：《净水技术》2024年第12期7-17,55,共12页Water Purification Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41977387,52270131)。

摘　　要：厌氧消化(anaerobic digestion,AD)是当前实现有机废弃物减量化与清洁能源生产的有效技术手段。在全球气候变暖和化石能源短缺的背景下,将AD技术与微生物固碳相结合,有助于提升生物甲烷的产率并增强固碳能力。然而,目前对于微生物固碳的研究普遍忽视了AD系统的固碳潜能。文章基于AD中CO_(2)的生物转化研究现状,介绍了AD中CO_(2)的产生及固定途径,重点分析了通过引入外源H_(2)、添加零价铁、外加微生物电解池、投加导电材料和引入外源CO_(2)等手段优化AD过程的研究进展。最后,文章对实现CO_(2)固定为无定形碳、明确外源CO_(2)促进产甲烷的具体机制及推动相关技术从实验室走向工业化应用等未来研究方向进行展望,为探索AD固碳途径和提升CO_(2)固定与转化技术提供一定的参考。Anaerobic digestion(AD)is an effective method for reducing organic waste and producing clean energy.In context of global warming and scarcity of fossil fuels,integrating AD with microbial carbon sequestration enhances biomethane yield and carbon fixation capacity.However,current research on microbial carbon sequestration often overlooks the carbon fixation potential of AD systems.Based on the current status of CO_(2) biotransformation in anaerobic digestion,this paper introduces the pathways of CO_(2) generation and fixation in anaerobic digestion.It focuses on the research progress achieved by introducing external H_(2),adding zero-valent iron,utilizing microbial electrolysis cells,adding conductive materials,and introducing external CO_(2) to optimize the AD process.Finally,this paper looks forward to future research directions,including the fixation of CO_(2) into amorphous carbon,elucidating the mechanisms by which external CO_(2) enhances methanogenesis,and advancing related technologies from laboratory to industrial application.This serves as a reference for exploring carbon sequestration pathways in anaerobic digestion and improving CO_(2) fixation and conversion technologies.

关 键 词：厌氧消化 生物固碳 天然固碳途径 CO_(2)利用 生物转化 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]