生态环境预防性民事司法体系的现实检视和完善路径  

Realistic Review and Improvement Path of Ecological Environment Preventive Civil Judicial System

作　　者：马腾 MA Teng(School of Law,Capital University of Economics and Business,Beijing 100070,China)

机构地区：[1]首都经济贸易大学法学院,北京100070

出　　处：《南昌大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2024年第6期103-117,共15页Journal of Nanchang University(Humanities and Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“新时代生态文明建设目标评价考核制度优化研究”(22&ZD138)。

摘　　要：2010—2022年各地和各级人民法院共计2524份环境民事裁判文书的实证分析表明,虽然我国既有的生态环境民事司法规则已经对生态环境风险诉求予以初步回应,但其规制的重心仍然是事后性损害救济,并未围绕生态环境风险或者危险构建系统的司法规则体系。生态环境预防性民事司法体系存在具体司法规则不足和技术性规则缺位等问题。这与生态环境风险预防性诉求是不匹配的。生态环境预防性民事司法体系的完善应当以法治化建设为依托,搭建具体的规则体系和技术性规则,以实现对生态环境风险的有效应对。An empirical analysis of 2524 environmental civil judgments of people’s courts at all levels and in all regions from 2010 to 2022 shows that,although China’s existing ecological environment civil judicial rules have responded to ecological environment risk claims initially,the center of gravity of their regulation is still the ex-post facto damages relief,and they have not constructed a systematic judicial rule around ecological environment risks or dangers.The ecological environment preventive civil judicial system has specific judicial rules and technical rules are not enough.This does not match with the preventive demands of ecological and environmental risks.The improvement of the ecological environment preventive civil judicial system should be based on the construction of the rule of law,and build a specific system of rules and technical rules to achieve an effective response to ecological environment risks.

关 键 词：生态环境民事司法 民事裁判文书 生态环境风险 生态环境预防性民事司法 

分 类 号：D922.68[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]