Black TiO_(2)/钢渣/石墨多孔材料的原位制备及其光热性能  

In-situ preparation and photothermal properties of black TiO_(2)/steel slag/graphite porous materials

作　　者：李湘 吴恩辉 彭文静 李军 马兰 侯静 徐众 李宏 刘鹏 张远 LI Xiang;WU Enhui;PENG Wenjing;LI Jun;MA Lan;HOU Jing;XU Zong;LI Hong;LIU Peng;ZHANG Yuan(College of Vanadium and Titanium,Panzhihua University,Panzhihua 617000,China;Vanadium and Titanium Resources Comprehensive Utilization Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Panzhihua 617000,China;State Key Testing Laboratory of Vanadium&Titanium,Panzhihua 617000,China;Sichuan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solar Technology Integration,Panzhihua 617000,China)

机构地区：[1]攀枝花学院钒钛学院,四川攀枝花617000 [2]钒钛资源综合利用四川省重点实验室,四川攀枝花617000 [3]国家钒钛检测重点实验室,四川攀枝花617000 [4]四川省太阳能利用技术集成工程实验室,四川攀枝花617000

出　　处：《中国有色冶金》2024年第6期50-58,共9页China Nonferrous Metallurgy

基　　金：2022年攀西战略资源创新开发项目(LB-SK-HT23-0432);材料腐蚀与防护四川省重点实验室开放基金项目(2022CL31);绿色催化四川省高校重点实验室开放基金项目(LYJ2102);精细化工助剂及表面活性剂四川省重点实验室项目(2023JXY01);钒钛资源综合利用四川省重点实验室项目(2024FTSZ04);太阳能利用技术集成及应用推广四川省高校实验室项目(SN240104)。

摘　　要：本文以钛白粉为原料,钢渣为骨架,石墨为还原剂,淀粉为造孔剂,聚乙烯醇溶液为粘结剂,采用高温焙烧原位制备Black TiO_(2)/钢渣/石墨多孔材料,并对其光热转换性能进行了系统研究。通过XRD、SEM、XPS和UV-Vis等手段对多孔材料的物相、微观结构、表面元素组成与价态和光吸收能力进行表征,同时测试了材料的孔隙率和光热性能。研究结果显示,多孔材料的主要物相由锐钛型TiO_(2)、CaTiO_(3)、C和Ca_(3)Mg(SiO_(4))_(2)组成,各物相之间边界清晰。通过高温焙烧,部分Ti^(4+)被还原成Ti^(3+)且形成氧空位,从而成功制备了Black TiO_(2)。孔隙率测试表明,淀粉配比为21.74%的多孔材料的孔隙率为30.5%,并拥有最小的禁带宽度。光热性能测试结果表明,随着淀粉配比的增加,多孔材料的水蒸发速率和蒸发效率均呈现出先显著提高后略有降低的规律;在TiO_(2)、石墨粉、聚乙烯醇溶液和钢渣质量比固定为1:1:1:4,淀粉配比为18.52%时,多孔材料水蒸发速率和光热转换效率分别可达1.47 kg·m^(-2)·h^(-1)和69.18%。Photothermal conversion is an effective solar energy utilization technology,and its efficiency depends on the light absorption capacity of photothermal conversion materials.In this paper,Black TiO_(2)/steel slag/graphite porous materials were prepared in situ by high temperature calcination with titanium dioxide as raw material,steel slag as skeleton,graphite as reducing agent,starch as pore-forming agent and polyvinyl alcohol solution as binder.The phase,microstructure,surface element composition and valence state and light absorption ability of the porous materials were characterized by XRD,SEM,XPS and UV-Vis,and the porosity and photothermal properties were tested.The results of characterization and porosity show that the main phases of the porous materials are composed of anatase TiO_(2),CaTiO_(3),C and Ca_(3)Mg(SiO_(4))_(2),the boundaries between the phases are clear.During the calcination process,part of Ti^(4+)on the crystal surface of TiO_(2)was reduced to Ti^(3+)and oxygen vacancies were formed,which confirmed that TiO_(2)was transformed into Black TiO_(2).The porosity of the porous material with a starch ratio of 21.74%is 30.5%and has the smallest band gap.The results of photothermal performance test showed that with the increase of starch ratio,the water evaporation rate and evaporation efficiency of porous materials increased significantly at first and then decreased slightly;When the mass ratio of TiO_(2),graphite powder,polyvinyl alcohol solution and steel slag is fixed at 1:1:1:4,and the starch ratio is 18.52%,the water evaporation rate and photothermal conversion efficiency of the porous material can reach 1.47 kg·m^(-2)·h^(-1)and 69.18%.

关 键 词：Black TiO_(2) Black TiO_(2)/钢渣/石墨多孔材料 原位制备 高温焙烧 光热性能 

分 类 号：TF125[冶金工程—粉末冶金] TF823[冶金工程—冶金物理化学]