石油降解菌的分离筛选及生物修复模拟实验研究  

Isolation and Characterisation of Petroleum Hydrocarbon-degrading Bacteria and Laboratory Study on Simulation of Bioremediation

作　　者：李翔飞 周小天 柴瑞娟[1] 孔芳[1] 王幼平[2] LI Xiangfei;ZHOU Xiaotian;CHAI Ruijuan;KONG Fang;WANG Youping(College of Biological and Food Engineering,Anhui Polytechnic University,Wuhu 241000,China;College of Bioscience and Biotechnology,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽工程大学生物与食品工程学院,安徽芜湖241000 [2]扬州大学生物科学与技术学院,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2024年第12期41-50,共10页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：安徽省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202110363253);国家自然科学基金项目(32300059);安徽省博士后研究人员科研活动经费资助项目(2023B692)。

摘　　要：文章以炼油厂周边土壤中筛选出的石油降解菌为研究对象,探究其对土壤石油污染的修复效果。根据排油活性、乳化指数E24及石油降解率进行初步评价,筛选出1株优势菌株,编号JZ3,综合形态特征、生理生化特性及16S rDNA序列分析鉴定其为副地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacillus paralicheniformis)。采用常压室温等离子体技术对JZ3进行快速诱变,经过3轮诱变,成功筛选出2株突变株Y1与Y3,遗传稳定性良好,其在7 d内对1%石油的降解率分别提升至41.78%与45.10%,相比JZ3菌株7 d的39.77%石油降解率,差异达显著水平(P<0.05)。人工石油污染土壤的原位修复盆钵模拟试验中,Y1与Y3构建的复合石油降解菌对石油烃的降解效果最优,石油降解率在30 d可达65.32%。该复合石油降解菌组合为生物技术修复石油污染土壤提供了理论依据。Efficiently oil-degrading bacteria screened from the soil around the refinery were used to explore the remediation ef⁃fect on the soil.A dominant surfactant-producing strain,numbered JZ3,was selected based on preliminary evaluation of emulsifi⁃cation index(E24)and oil degradation rate.The strain of JZ3 was identified as Bacillus paralicheniformis by 16S rDNA sequence analysis combing morphology,physiological and biochemical experiments.Two positive mutants Y1 and Y3 were obtained by three rounds of atmospheric and room temperature plasma.The degradation rates of the two mutants were increased to 41.78%and 45.10%,different from strain JZ3(P<0.05),whose degradation of crude-oil was 39.77%within 7 d.Through the indoor simulation test of petroleum contaminated soil bioremediation,it is verified that the composite petroleum degrading bacteria with two kinds of bacteria Y1&Y3 have the best degradation effect on petroleum hydrocarbons,and the degradation rate can reach 65.32%in 30 d.This study would provide a theoretical basis for further remediation of petroleum contaminated soil.

关 键 词：石油污染土壤 石油降解 生物修复 复合菌株 降解率 

分 类 号：X741[环境科学与工程—环境工程]