铜铁矿冶炼区周边土壤镉的健康风险评价研究  

Health Risk Assessment of Cadmium in Soils Surrounding Daye Copper and Iron Mining Metallugical Area

作　　者：董淑容 杨荣欣 徐春燕 程施文 王玲玲 易川 DONG Shurong;YANG Rongxin;XU Chunyan;CHENG Shiwen;WANG Lingling;YI Chuan(Hubei Provincial Academy of Eco-environment Sciences(Provincial Ecological Environment Engineering Assessment Center),Wuhan 430072,China;Hubei Key Lab of Pollution Damage Assessment and Environmental Health Risk Prevention and Control,Wuhan 430070,China;South-Central Minzu University,Wuhan 430074,China;Xiangtan University,Xiangtan 411105,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省生态环境科学研究院(省生态环境工程评估中心),湖北武汉430072 [2]污染损害评估与环境健康风险防控湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430070 [3]中南民族大学,湖北武汉430074 [4]湘潭大学,湖南湘潭411105

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2024年第11期185-194,共10页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：武汉市知识创新专项(2022020801010383)。

摘　　要：为了更准确地评价铜铁矿冶炼区周边土壤中重金属镉(Cd)污染对人体的健康风险,该研究对冶炼区周边土壤中重金属Cd的总量、不同形态含量以及人体胃肠可给性进行了测定,并基于传统健康风险评价模型、生物有效性评价模型和生物可给性评价模型对土壤中重金属镉的健康风险进行了评价。结果表明,大冶铜铁矿冶炼区周围土壤重金属Cd总含量均值为4.94 mg/kg,Cd形态的分布情况为残渣态>铁锰氧化物结合态>有机结合态>可交换态>碳酸盐结合态,胃内阶段生物可给性均值为26.06%,肠内生物可给性均值为43.12%,肠内阶段的可给性高于胃内阶段。单因子指数法评价结果表明,该研究区土壤中重金属Cd污染较为严重,污染区域主要分布在距冶炼区1500 m范围内。健康风险评价结果表明,研究区域不同人群存在Cd暴露的风险,但3种评价模型下距研究区不同距离致癌风险均在可接受范围,尤其是2000 m左右范围对成人的致癌风险甚微或可忽略。In order to more accurately evaluate the health risks of heavy-metal pollution of Cd in the soils surrounding the Daye copper/iron mining metallurgical area to human health,the total amount of Cd,the content of different forms of Cd and the human gastrointestinal availability of Cd in the soils were measured.In addition,based on the models involving tradi⁃tional health risk assessment,bioavailability assessment,and bioaccessibility assessment,the health risks of Cd in soil were evaluated.Consequently,the study showed that the average content of Cd in the the area was 4.94 mg/kg;and the forms of Cd in soils were allotted in order of decreasing magnitude:residual state>iron/manganese-oxide-bound state>organic bound state>exchangeable state>carbonate bound state;the average value of bioaccessibility in the gastric stage was 26.06%,and that of bioaccessibility in the intestine was 43.12%,bioaccessibility in the intestinal stage being higher than that in the gastric stage.The evaluation results of single factor index method suggested that Cd pollution in the soils of the study area was considerably serious,mainly located within the distance of 1500 m from the region of smelteries.On the other hand,the results of health risk assessment suggested that Cd exposure risks certainly existed in different groups of people of the study area;however,according to the assessment outcome by using three evaluation models the carcinogenic risk at different distanc⁃es from the study area was in an acceptable range,especially the carcinogenic risk to the adults in the range of 2000m or so was little or negligible.

关 键 词：重金属 生物有效性 生物可给性 健康风险评价 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X820.4