边缘连接结构对飞机座舱盖透明件拉伸及疲劳性能的影响  

Influence of edge connection structure on tensile and fatigue properties of transparent parts of aircraft canopy

作　　者：于泽宗 芮涵钦 郑梦瑶 张晓雯 颜悦 YU Zezong;RUI Hanqin;ZHENG Mengyao;ZHANG Xiaowen;YAN Yue(Baimtec Material Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100095,China;Beijing Engineering Research Center of Advanced Structural Transparence for the Modern Traffic System,Beijing 100095,China;Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Material,Beijing 100095,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空材料研究院股份有限公司,北京100095 [2]北京市先进运载系统结构透明件工程技术研究中心,北京100095 [3]中国航发北京航空材料研究院,北京100095

出　　处：《工程塑料应用》2024年第12期144-151,共8页Engineering Plastics Application

基　　金：中国航发航材院益材青年基金项目(KJ53230810)。

摘　　要：飞机座舱盖透明件所用材料以定向有机玻璃[聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)]、聚碳酸酯(PC)或者两者层合材料为主,而透明件与骨架的连接位置是飞机座舱盖结构中的薄弱区域,该区域作为保障座舱盖透明件密封性和完整性的关键组成部分,直接影响飞行员飞行安全。评估了单层PMMA和PMMA与PC层合结构透明件在软、硬边缘连接方式下的拉伸性能和疲劳性能,为不同边缘结构的使用寿命及可靠性评估提供数据支撑。研究梳理了单层有机玻璃透明件和层合结构透明件在轴向拉伸和疲劳测试过程中的断裂破坏、疲劳失效的原因及表现,并提出可能出现的缺陷对座舱盖透明件拉伸及疲劳性能的影响。结果表明,层合软连接、单层软连接、层合硬连接和单层硬连接结构试样的拉伸断裂应力分别为21.5,17.58,16.55,21.55 MPa,通过升降法得到的这4种连接结构的条件疲劳极限分别为10.15,10.52,8.01,9.77 MPa。综合实际应用中飞机座舱盖透明件轻质化和抗冲击性能要求,优选出层合软连接结构为四种状态下最佳的边缘连接结构。The materials used for the transparent parts of aircraft canopy are primarily consist of directional polymethylmethacrylate(PMMA),polycarbonate(PC),or laminated materials of both PMMA and PC.The connection points between the transparent parts and the frame represent the weakest areas in the aircraft canopy structure.These areas are crucial components for ensuring the sealing and integrity of the transparent parts of the canopy,directly affecting the safety of pilots during flight.The tensile strength and fatigue performance of the transparent parts with soft and rigid edge connections in single-layer PMMA and laminated structures of PMMA and PC were evaluated,providing data support for the service life and reliability assessment of different edge structures.The causes and manifestations of fracture and fatigue failure in single-layer PMMA transparent parts and laminated structure transparent parts during axial tension and fatigue testing were analyzed,and the possible impact of defects on the tensile and fatigue performances of the canopy transparent parts was proposed.The results show that the tensile fracture stress of the laminated soft connection,single-layer soft connection,laminated rigid connection,and single-layer rigid connection structure samples are 21.5,17.58,16.55,21.55 MPa,and their conditional fatigue limits obtained through the up and down test method are 10.15,10.52,8.01,9.77 MPa,respectively.Considering the lightweight and impact resistance requirements of transparent components in aircraft canopies in practical applications,the laminated soft connection structure is selected as the optimal edge connection structure under four conditions.

关 键 词：层合结构透明件 边缘连接 飞机座舱盖 轴向拉伸 疲劳失效 

分 类 号：TQ322.3[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]