超前钻孔直径对高应力巷道卸压及掏槽爆破效果影响研究  

Research on Impact of Pre-drilling Hole Diameter on Stress Relief and Slot Blasting Effectiveness in High-stress Tunnels

作　　者：黄斌 胡学龙 HUANG Bin;HU Xue-ong(Coal Mine Safety Mining Equipment Innovation Center of Anhui Province,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan Anhui 232001,China;State Key Laboratory for Fine Exploration and Intelligent Development of Coal Resources,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou Jiangsu 221000,China;School of Mining Engineering,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan Anhui 232001,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学安徽省煤矿安全采掘装备制造业创新中心,安徽淮南232001 [2]中国矿业大学煤炭精细勘探与智能开发全国重点实验室,江苏徐州221116 [3]安徽理工大学矿业工程学院,安徽淮南232001

出　　处：《华北理工大学学报（自然科学版）》2025年第1期53-61,共9页Journal of North China University of Science and Technology：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：安徽省煤矿安全采掘装备制造业创新中心开放课题(CMSMEICAP2023003):巷道掘进爆破振动质点峰值速度智能预测模型研究;煤炭精细勘探与智能开发全国重点实验室开放课题(SKLCRSM22KF014):基于FEM-SPH耦合方法的深部高应力层状岩体损伤破坏机理数值模拟研究。

摘　　要：随着煤炭开采逐步向深部推进,巷道开挖过程中应力集中问题日益突显,亟需有效解决。本文采用Ansys/Ls-Dyna数值模拟软件,针对高应力环境下不同超前钻孔直径对巷道卸压效果及掏槽爆破效果的影响进行了系统研究。利用ImageJ图像处理软件对巷道掏槽爆破损伤云图进行了详细分析。结果表明,随着超前钻孔直径的增加,钻孔孔底至岩石内部区域的有效应力逐渐降低,有效实现了卸压作用;随着超前钻孔直径的增大,掏槽爆破岩石块度逐渐减少,小块度占比显著增加,且在大直径钻孔爆破中岩石块度的分布更为均匀。研究成果对提升高应力巷道掏槽爆破效果具有重要指导意义。As coal mining progressively advances into deeper areas,the issue of stress concentration during tunnel excavation becomes increasingly prominent and urgently requires effective solutions.This paper employs the numerical simulation software Ansys/Ls-Dyna to systematically investigate the impact of different diameter pre-drilled holes on the stress relief and slot blasting effects in high-stress environments.The Image J image processing software was utilized to conduct a detailed analysis of damage cloud maps resulting from tunnel slot blasting.The findings indicate that as the diameter of the pre-drilled holes increases,the effective stress in the area from the bottom of the hole to the interior of the rock gradually decreases,effectively achieving the stress relief effect.Additionally,as the diameter of the pre-driled holes increases,the size of the rock fragments produced by slot blasting gradually diminishes,with a significant increase in the proportion of the smaller fragments.Furthermore,in blasting with larger diameter holes,the distribution of rock fragment sizes is more uniform.The research outcomes are of significant importance for enhancing the effectiveness of slot blasting in high-stress tunnels.

关 键 词：高应力 超前钻孔 掏槽爆破 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TD235[矿业工程—矿井建设]