三峡库区今后仍需重点关注的滑坡崩塌成灾模式  

The Disaster Patterns of Landslides and Avalanches Will Still Need to be Closely Identified and Monitored in the Future in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area

作　　者：常宏 CHANG Hong(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey(Geosciences Innovation Center of Central South China),Wuhan 430205,Hubei,China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Operation Safety of High Dam and Large Reservoir,Yichang 443133,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局武汉地质调查中心(中南地质科技创新中心),湖北武汉430205 [2]高坝大库运行安全湖北省重点实验室,湖北宜昌443133

出　　处：《华南地质》2024年第4期725-736,共12页South China Geology

基　　金：水利部项目(编号:0001212024CC60003、0001212012AC50021)。

摘　　要：三峡库区地质灾害监测预警成效显著,但在极端气候特别是极端降雨频现的趋势下,总体防治形势依然严峻;在此背景下,研究探讨三峡水库蓄水至今20年来新生的滑坡崩塌和堆积体复活模式仍具有现实意义。本文通过对三峡库区相关滑坡崩塌实例的研究,结合前人成果并类比湘鄂山地和四川盆地的实例及非库水影响的实例,提出三峡库区今后仍需重点关注的几种成灾模式,包括特殊构造及地貌部位的潜在顺层岩质滑坡、采空区或硐室上方的危岩崩塌、红层和盐溶岩类及破碎基岩强风化带的类土质崩滑,以及土质岸坡堆积体复活失稳等,为后续开展隐患岸坡早期识别和监测预警、地质灾害防治规划等工作提供参考。The monitoring and early warning system for geological hazards in the Three Gorges Reservoir area has demonstrated significant effectiveness.However,given the increasing frequency of extreme climate and rainfall,the overall situation for disaster prevention and control remains challenging.In this context,the patterns of newly emerged landslide,avalanche,and accumulation reactivation over the past 20 years since the reservoir’s impoundment continue to hold practical significance.This paper,through an analysis of relevant case studies in the Three Gorges Reservoir area,combining previous research and comparisons with cases from the Hunan-Hubei mountain region,the Sichuan Basin,and areas not influenced by reservoir waters,identifies several disaster patterns that warrant ongoing attention.These include potential bedding rock landslides in areas with unique geological structures and landforms,rock collapses above mined-out areas or cavities,soil-like landslide and avalanche in heavily weathered zones of red beds,salt dissolution rocks,and fractured bedrock,as well as the reactivation and destabilization of soil slope deposits.These findings provide valuable references for the early identification and monitoring of hidden hazards along the reservoir banks,and guidance for future planning.

关 键 词：三峡库区 潜在滑坡 采空区崩塌 类土质崩滑 滑坡复活 成灾模式 

分 类 号：P642.2[天文地球—工程地质学]