国外铁路货物运输组织发展现状与启示  

Development Status and Enlightenment of Foreign Railway Freight Organizations

作　　者：张天祥 张巍 秦胜 倪继娜 权诗琦 ZHANG Tianxiang;ZHANG Wei;QIN Sheng;NI Ji’na;QUAN Shiqi(Postgraduate Department,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China;Transportation&Economics Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院研究生部,北京100081 [2]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司运输及经济研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《铁道货运》2024年第12期88-97,共10页Railway Freight Transport

基　　金：中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划课题(P2023X009);中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司科研项目(2023YJ275)。

摘　　要：2024年政府工作报告做出了“实施降低物流成本行动”的部署,我国铁路货运瞄准快捷物流与多式联运,着力加快提升铁路货运能力,完善经营服务网络,创新设备技术应用和物流经营改革创新。面对快速发展的货运市场,有必要系统梳理欧盟、美国、日本等发达经济体铁路货物运输组织发展现状,客观定位我国铁路货运发展阶段,吸收借鉴成熟做法。通过阐述国外铁路货物运输市场、铁路货物列车产品、铁路物流中心发展现状,并对比我国铁路货物运输发展现状,得出完善铁路货物列车产品、开放市场化经营理念、巩固现代铁路物流定位等我国铁路货物运输组织发展的若干启示。In 2024,the government work report made the deployment of “implementing the action of reducing logistics costs”.China railway freight took fast logistics and multimodal transport as the goals and focused on accelerating the improvement of railway freight capacity,improving the management service network,innovating equipment technology applications,and reforming logistics management.In the face of the rapidly developing market,it is necessary to systematically sort out the development status of railway freight organizations in developed economies such as the European Union,the United States,and Japan,objectively locate the development stage of railway freight in China,and learn from mature practices.By expounding on the development status of foreign railway freight markets,railway freight train products,and railway logistics centers and comparing the development status of railway freight in China,some inspirations for the development of railway freight organization in China were obtained,such as improving railway freight train products,developing market-oriented management concept,and consolidating the positioning of modern railway logistics.

关 键 词：国外铁路 铁路货运 铁路运输组织 市场化经营 铁路物流中心 

分 类 号：U294.1[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]