大型湖泊类景区旅游主体功能区划研究——以青海湖为例  

Research on Functional Zoning of Tourism Entity at Large Lake Scenic Spots——Taking Qinghai Lake as an Example

作　　者：周毛措 仲俊涛 蒋鑫 马勇洁 石建丽 Zhoumao-Cuo;ZHONG Juntao;JIANG Xin;MA Yongjie;SHI Jianli(College of Geographical Sciences,Qinghai Normal University,Xining 810008,China;School of Surveying and Mapping Science and Technology,Xi'an University of Science and Technology,Xi'an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]青海师范大学地理科学学院,青海西宁810008 [2]西安科技大学测绘科学与技术学院,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《高原科学研究》2024年第4期55-63,共9页Plateau Science Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42001263);青海省自然科学基金项目(2022-ZJ-906)。

摘　　要：旅游主体功能区划是以区域旅游可持续发展为目的,统筹考虑区域生态保护与产业发展的空间协调与功能优化的重要管制措施。文章以青海湖景区为例,从资源条件、接待条件和支撑条件中选取10个因子构建评价指标体系,运用综合指数法,并参考青海湖自然保护区功能区划图,确定青海湖景区旅游主体功能区划方案。结果表明:(1)从青海湖旅游主体功能区范围大小来看,限制开发区(794.4 km~2)>禁止开发区(717.53 km~2)>重点开发区(251.81 km~2)>优化开发区(32.33 km~2),适宜发展旅游业的优化开发区和重点开发区仅占15.82%;(2)从空间分布来看,优化开发区分布于二郎剑景区、黑马河和仙女湾,重点开发区位于优化开发区外围、金沙湾、泉吉乡观鱼台,限制开发区位于无著名景点支撑的乡镇点和广阔的草地区域,禁止开发区位于西南鸟岛附近和湖东沙地。研究可为大型湖泊型景区旅游主体功能区划和青海湖国家公园创建提供参考。The functional zoning of tourism entity is an important regulatory measure aimed at promoting sustain-able development of regional tourism considering on the spatial coordination and functional optimization of re-gional ecological protection and industrial development.Taking Qinghai Lake Scenic Area as the research area,an evaluation index system was constructed based on selected 10 factors from resource,reception and support conditions of tourism in the Qinghai Lake,and the tourism entity functional zoning scheme of Qinghai Lake Sce-nic Area was also determined by using comprehensive index method referring with the functional zoning map of Qinghai Lake Nature Reserve.In terms of scope of the tourism entity functional areas of Qinghai Lake,the area of restricted development zone(794.4 km2)is larger than that of the prohibited development zone(717.53 km2)followed by key development zone(251.81 km2).The optimized and the key development zones suitable for the development of tourism is accounting for 15.82%only.From perspective of the spatial distribution of the func-tional zones,the optimized development zone is distributed in Erlangjian Scenic Area,Heima River and Fairy Bay,the key development zone is located in the periphery of the optimized development zone including Jinsha Bay and Guanyutai in Quanji Township.The restricted development zone is located in the township and vast grassland area without the support of famous scenic spots,and the prohibited development zone is located near Southwest Bird Island and Hudong Sandy Land.This study can provide reference for the functional zoning of tourism entity in large lake scenic spots and for establishing the Qinghai Lake National Park.

关 键 词：旅游主体功能区划 综合指数法 湖泊类景区 青海湖 

分 类 号：F592.7[经济管理—旅游管理]