机采种植模式下密度对棉花生长发育·产量及品质的影响  

Effects of Planting Density on Growth,Yield and Quality of Cotton Under Mechanical Harvesting

作　　者：郭景红 王维民[2] 赵海 姚炎帝 李玉国 GUO Jing-hong;WANG Wei-min;ZHAO Hai(Xinjiang Shihezi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832000;Shuanghe 90th Regiment,The 5th Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Shuanghe,Xinjiang 833400)

机构地区：[1]新疆石河子农业科学研究院,新疆石河子832000 [2]新疆生产建设兵团第五师双河市90团,新疆双河833400

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2024年第24期38-41,45,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆生产建设兵团领军人才项目(2021CB044);石河子市科技计划项目(2018NY04,2022NY01)。

摘　　要：为探索北疆早熟机采棉适宜种植密度,以新陆早80号、新石H12为试验材料,于2022—2023年开展田间小区试验,研究了5个不同种植密度15万、18万、21万、24万、27万株/hm^(2)对棉花生育期、生长发育、产量及其纤维品质的影响。结果显示,在1膜6行(66+10)cm宽窄行机采棉种植模式下,随密度增加,在一定范围内单株果枝数显著增加,成铃数增加,单铃重增加,衣分变化不明显。5种栽培密度中以密度在21万~24万株/hm^(2)的各处理籽棉产量、皮棉产量较高,品质较优。结果显示,种植密度决定着群体数的大小,影响棉花个体的生长发育和竞争、产量形成以及品质提升。现行常规管理模式下,北疆早熟棉区棉花种植密度不宜超过24万株/hm^(2)。To explore the suitable planting density for early maturing machine harvested cotton in northern Xinjiang,field trials were conducted from 2022 to 2023 using Xinluzao 80 and Xinshi H12 as experimental materials.We studied the effects of five different planting densities(150000,180000,210000,240000 and 270000 plants/hm^(2))on cotton growth period,growth and development,yield and fiber quality.The results showed that under the one film six row(66+10)cm wide and narrow row machine cotton harvesting planting mode,as the density increased,the number of fruit branches per plant significantly increased within a certain range,the number of mature bolls increased,the weight of single bolls enhanced,and the change in lint percentage was not significant.Under five cultivation densities,the seed cotton yield and lint cotton yield were higher and the quality was better in each treatment with a density of 210000-240000 plants/hm^(2).The experimental results showed that planting density determined the size of the population,affected the growth,development,competition,yield formation and quality improvement of cotton individuals.Under the current conventional management mode,the cotton planting density in the early maturing cotton area of northern Xinjiang should not exceed 240000 plants/hm^(2).

关 键 词：机采 密度 生长发育 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]