生物制剂对水稻发芽影响及对水稻纹枯病药效试验  

Effects of Biological Agents on Rice Germination and Efficacy Trials on Rhizoctonia solani

作　　者：李丹丹 李昌春 方宇 胡维涛 朱道双 付成欣 郑芬 LI Dan-dan;LI Chang-chun;FANG Yu(Hefei Gao'er Life and Health Science Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Hefei,Anhui 230088;Institute of Plant Protection and Agricultural Product Quality and Safety,Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hefei,Anhui 230031)

机构地区：[1]合肥高尔生命健康科学研究院有限公司,安徽合肥230088 [2]安徽省农业科学院植物保护与农产品质量安全研究所,安徽合肥230031

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2024年第24期103-107,169,共6页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：[目的]探索生物制剂对水稻发芽出苗的影响及对水稻纹枯病的防治效果。选择3种生物制剂和2种化学制剂进行研究。[方法]选择3种生物制剂(5%井冈霉素A可溶液粉剂、20亿孢子/g蜡质芽孢杆菌可湿性粉剂和12%井冈·蜡芽菌水剂)和2种化学制剂(430 g/L戊唑醇悬浮剂和40%苯醚甲环唑悬浮剂)对水稻进行安全性评价,对水稻纹枯病菌室内毒力测定以及大田田间防效试验,研究5种药剂对水稻纹枯病的防治效果,确定田间应用效果。[结果]通过室内毒力测定得出蜡质芽孢杆菌和井冈霉素复配4∶1的增效作用最为明显。室内5种药剂拌种对不同品种水稻3 d的发芽势在49.33%~58.67%,7 d的发芽率在89.00%~93.00%,14 d盆栽试验的出苗率在90.67%~93.33%;各药剂对水稻的发芽和出苗均无影响。12%井冈·蜡芽菌水剂第7天的田间防效为79.61%。430 g/L戊唑醇悬浮剂的田间防效为67.38%,40%苯醚甲环唑悬浮剂的田间防效为68.44%。[结论]生物制剂12%井冈·蜡芽菌水剂在大田试验中能明显提高作物产量,对农业绿色防控技术推广具有重要意义。[Objective]To investigate the impact of biopesticides on rice germination,seedling emergence,and the control of rice sheath blight.Three biopesticides and two chemical pesticides were selected for exploration.[Method]Three biopesticides(5%jinggangmycin A soluble powder,2 billion spores/gram Bacillus amyloliquefaciens wettable powder,and 12%jinggang-mycobacterium wax bud bacterial water agent)and two chemical pesticides(430 g/L propiconazole suspension concentrate and 40%benodanil suspension concentrate)were chosen for safety assessment,indoor toxicity testing against rice sheath blight pathogens,and field efficacy trials.The aim was to determine the preventive effects of the five agents against rice sheath blight and assess their application efficacy in the field.[Result]Indoor toxicity testing revealed that the synergistic effect of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and jinggangmycin at a ratio of 4∶1 was most pronounced.In indoor experiments,germination rates for different rice varieties after three days ranged from 49.33%to 58.67%,seven-day germination rates ranged from 89.00%to 93.00%,and seedling emergence rates in the 14-day potted trials varied from 90.67%to 93.33%.It was concluded that none of the tested agents had a significant impact on rice germination and seedling emergence.Field trials for controlling rice sheath blight indicated a seventh-day field efficacy of 79.61%for the 12%jinggang-mycobacterium wax bud bacterial water agent.The field efficacy of a 430 g/L propiconazole suspension concentrate was 67.38%,and a 40%benodanil suspension concentrate showed a field efficacy of 68.44%.[Conclusion]The biopesticide 12%jinggang-mycobacterium wax bud bacterial water agent can significantly increase crop yield in field trials,which is of great significance for the promotion of agricultural green prevention and control technologies.

关 键 词：水稻纹枯病 安全性评价 生物制剂 田间药效 

分 类 号：S435.111.42[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]