琼西北地区红蕉花蕾发育期矿质元素含量及分布特征  

Mineral elements content and distribution characteristics during the development period of flower buds of red banana in the northwest region of Hainan Province

作　　者：王丽霞 刘永霞[1,2] 丁哲利 井涛[1,2] 王必尊 何应对[1,2] WANG Lixia;LIU Yongxia;DING Zheli;JING Tao;WANG Bizun;HE Yingdui(Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou,Hainan,571101,China;Haikou Experimental Station,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou,Hainan,571101,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所,海口571101 [2]中国热带农业科学院海口实验站,海口571101

出　　处：《中国南方果树》2024年第6期124-130,共7页South China Fruits

基　　金：海南省重点研发项目(ZDYF2022XDNY270);中国热带农业科学院基本科研业务费专项(1630092022001);海南省自然科学基金(320MS080)资助。

摘　　要：红蕉(Musa Spp.Red Dacca)是具有独特紫红色外观,浓郁风味,甜度适中的特色蕉类品种,消费市场竞争力较强,可适度规模发展。本研究以生长发育的红蕉花蕾为试材,测定分析从第1梳(头梳)至第9梳(尾梳)果穗果指与苞片含水量及主要养分规律。结果表明,(1)各梳果指较相应苞片的含水量低,降低的幅度为1.38%~1.92%;各梳果指中含水量趋于稳定,均为91%左右。(2)在果指中,第1梳至第9梳各矿质元素含量从高到低依次为K>N>P>Mg>Ca>Mn>Fe>Zn>Cu,而相应苞片中各矿质元素含量排序相同;果指中Ca、Mg、Mn元素含量变化与第1梳至第9梳果指呈极显著负相关;花蕾苞片中K、Ca、Mn、Fe元素含量变化与第1梳至第9梳苞片呈极显著负相关,即干物质质量越低,其养分含量则越少。(3)果指与相应花蕾苞片中Ca、Mg、Mn含量变化呈极显著正相关;N元素含量变化呈显著正相关;K元素含量变化呈显著负相关。初步阐明红蕉抽蕾期果穗果指及苞片器官主要矿质元素的分布规律,为制定精准养分管理提供参考。Musa Spp.Red Dacca is a unique banana variety with a purple red appearance,rich flavor,and moderate sweetness.It has strong competitiveness in the consumer market and can be developed on a moderate scale.In this study,red banana flower buds were used as test materials to determine and analyze the moisture content and main nutrient patterns of the fruit ears,fingers,and bracts of the first comb(head comb)to the ninth comb(tail comb).The results showed that the moisture content of each comb fruit finger was lower than that of the corresponding bract,with a decrease of 1.38%to 1.92%.The moisture content in each comb fruit finger tended to be stable at around 91%.In the fruit fingers,the content of mineral element from the first comb to the ninth comb was in the order of K>N>P>Mg>Ca>Mn>Fe>Zn>Cu,while the corresponding order of mineral element content in the bracts was the same.The changes in the content of Ca,Mg,and Mn elements in the fruit fingers were significantly negatively correlated with the position of fruit fingers from first to ninth comb.The changes in the content of K,Ca,Mn,and Fe elements in flower bud bracts were significantly negatively correlated with the position of bracts from first to ninth comb,indicating that the lower the dry matter mass,the lower the nutrient content.The changes in Ca,Mg,and Mn content between fruit fingers and corresponding flower bud bracts showed a highly significant positive correlation,while the changes of N content showed a significant positive correlation.The changes in K content showed a significant negative correlation.The results preliminarily elucidated the distribution pattern of major mineral elements in the fruit ears,fruit fingers,and bracts of red banana during the bud emergence period,providing reference for the development of precise nutrient management.

关 键 词：琼西北 红香蕉 花蕾 矿质营养 分布特征 

分 类 号：S668.1[农业科学—果树学]