奶牛早期妊娠免疫调控机制的研究进展  

Research Progress on Immune Regulatory Mechanisms of Early Pregnancy in Dairy Cows

作　　者：郑浩 孙国瀚 付予 杨卓 陶金忠[1] ZHENG Hao;SUN Guohan;FU Yu;YANG Zhuo;TAO Jinzhong(College of Animal Science and Technology,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学动物科技学院,银川750021

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2024年第12期5391-5397,共7页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区重点研发项目(2022BBF03022)。

摘　　要：奶牛自身免疫反应是影响早期妊娠胚胎丢失的重要因素之一。妊娠的建立和胎盘的发育依赖于免疫细胞(Tregs细胞、巨噬细胞、NK细胞等)和免疫调节因子的共同作用,来实现子宫对胚胎的容受性、胚胎植入以及妊娠母体的免疫耐受性。因此,深入了解奶牛妊娠早期各个阶段的免疫反应过程,对提高妊娠率至关重要。本文系统阐述了奶牛授精及妊娠早期的免疫调控机制,分析了母体促炎因子与抗炎因子之间的平衡及复杂的动态调节过程。这些研究为保证奶牛从受精、囊胚孵化、妊娠识别到胚胎着床等关键阶段的妊娠顺利提供理论支持,皆在推动奶牛繁育效率的提升。The immune response of dairy cows is one of the key factors influencing early pregnancy embryonic loss.The establishment of pregnancy and placental development rely on the coordinated actions of immune cells(such as Tregs,macrophages,and NK cells)and immune regulatory factors,which regulate the uterine receptivity to the embryo,embryo implantation,and maternal immune tolerance.Thus,a comprehensive understanding of the immune response processes at various stages of early pregnancy in cows is essential for improving pregnancy success rates.This paper provides a detailed analysis of the immune regulation mechanisms during artificial insemination and early pregnancy in cows.It examines the balance and complex dynamic regulation between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory factors in the maternal system.This research offer theoretical support for ensuring successful pregnancy through key stages including fertilization,blastocyst hatching,pregnancy recognition,and embryo implantation,aiming to enhance reproductive efficiency in dairy cows.

关 键 词：奶牛 受精 囊胚孵化 妊娠识别 围着床期 

分 类 号：S823.91[农业科学—畜牧学]