头胎荷斯坦牛乳尿素氮及其与产奶性状和体细胞评分的遗传分析  

Genetic Analysis of Milk Urea Nitrogen,Milk Production Traits,and Somatic Cell Score in First Lactation of Holstein Cattle

作　　者：张淼 裴芬 鞠林 赵秀新 杨健 薛光辉 徐千雯 刘燕 张元沛 蔡高占 高运东[1] 俞英[2] 王晓[1] 李建斌[1] ZHANG Miao;PEI Fen;JU Lin;ZHAO Xiuxin;YANG Jian;XUE Guanghui;XU Qianwen;LIU Yan;ZHANG Yuanpei;CAI Gaozhan;GAO Yundong;YU Ying;WANG Xiao;LI Jianbin(Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinan 250100,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Shandong OX Livestock Breeding Co.,Ltd.,Jinan 250100,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Shandong Agricultural University,Taian 271018,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所,济南250100 [2]中国农业大学动物科技学院,北京100193 [3]山东奥克斯畜牧种业有限公司,济南250100 [4]山东农业大学动物科技学院,泰安271018

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2024年第12期5527-5537,共11页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：“十四五”国家重点研发项目(2021YFF1000701-06,2023ZD0404901-05);国家现代农业产业技术体系资助(CARS-36);山东省自然科学基金青年项目(ZR2023QC252);山东省自然科学基金面上项目(ZR2021MC070);泰山学者青年专家项目(tsqnz20231240)。

摘　　要：旨在研究山东省荷斯坦牛乳尿素氮的遗传参数及其与产奶性状(产奶量、乳蛋白率、乳脂率)和体细胞评分的遗传相关和表型相关。本研究使用山东省2016—2022年间15497头头胎荷斯坦牛的99732条DHI记录数据,将场、产犊年、产犊季节、产犊月龄、泌乳阶段效应作为固定效应,以个体加性遗传效应以及永久环境效应作为随机效应,利用DMU软件,采用AI-REML结合EM算法配合重复力模型进行遗传参数估计。结果显示:乳尿素氮、产奶量、乳脂率、乳蛋白率和体细胞评分的遗传力分别为0.129、0.252、0.188、0.257、0.110,均为中低遗传力;重复力分别为0.132、0.513、0.231、0.320、0.339,除乳尿素氮外,均为中等重复力;乳尿素氮与产奶量、乳脂率、乳蛋白率和体细胞评分的遗传相关分别为:-0.02、0.20、0.04和-0.11;表型相关分别为:0.01、0.05、0.01和-0.015近乎为0。结果表明,乳尿素氮与产奶性状及体细胞评分存在较弱遗传和表型相关,在不影响产奶性状的前提下,对乳尿素氮这一性状进行选择是可能的,同时可以将其纳入荷斯坦牛育种工作中。The aim of this study was to study the genetic parameters of milk urea nitrogen and its genetic and phenotypic correlations with milk production traits(milk yield,milk protein percentage,milk fat percentage)and somatic cell score in Holstein cows in Shandong Province.In this study,we used data from 99732 DHI records of 15497 first-calf Chinese Holstein cows in Shandong Province between 2016 and 2022,and the effects of farm,calving year,calving season,calving age in months,and stage of lactation were used as fixed effects,and individual additive genetic effects as well as permanent environmental effects were used as random effects,the genetic parameters were estimated using the DMU software,and AI-REML combined with the EM algorithm with the repetition force model for genetic parameter estimation.The results showed that the heritability of milk urea nitrogen,milk yield,milk fat percentage,milk protein percentage and somatic cell score were 0.129,0.252,0.188,0.257,0.110,respectively,which were low to medium heritability;the repeatability was 0.132,0.513,0.231,0.320,0.339,respectively,which were medium repeatability except for milk urea nitrogen;the genetic correlation between milk urea nitrogen and milk yield,milk fat percentage,milk protein percentage and somatic cell score had genetic correlations of-0.02,0.20,0.04 and-0.11,respectively;and phenotypic correlations of 0.01,0.05,0.01 and-0.015 were near zero,respectively.The results indicate that milk urea nitrogen has a weak genetic and phenotypic correlation with milk production traits and somatic cell score.Therefore,it is feasible to select for milk urea nitrogen without adversely affecting milk production traits,as well as incorporating it into Holstein cattle breeding efforts.

关 键 词：乳尿素氮 中国荷斯坦牛 遗传分析 

分 类 号：S823.2[农业科学—畜牧学]