纤维对白羽肉鸡生长性能、生理生化、胃肠结构和盲肠微生物的影响  

Effects of Fibers on Growth Performance,Physiology and Biochemistry,Gastrointestinal Structure and Cecal Microflora of Broilers

作　　者：陈鑫珠[1,2,3] 岳稳 方桂友 缪伏荣[1] 黄庆祥[2] 林平冬 李忠荣 刘景[1] CHEN Xinzhu;YUE Wen;FANG Guiyou;MIAO Furong;HUANG Qingxiang;LIN Pingdong;LI Zhongrong;LIU Jing(Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Fujian Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding,Fuzhou 350013,China;Fujian Best Biological Co.,LTD,Quanzhou 362599,China;Postdoctoral Programme of Fujian Fuda Biotech Co.,Ltd.,Fuzhou 350007,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所/福建省畜禽遗传育种重点实验室,福州350013 [2]福建倍思达生物有限公司,泉州362599 [3]福建福大百特科技发展有限公司博士后科研工作站,福州350007

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2024年第12期5602-5619,共18页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：福建省人民政府·中国农业科学院农业高质量发展“5511”协同创新工程项目(XTCXGC2021012,XTCXGC2021019)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在探究不同纤维种类和添加水平对白羽肉鸡生长性能、鸡粪中氮代谢和粪纤维含量、血清生化指标、胃肠结构和盲肠微生物的影响,为肉鸡日粮中纤维的合理利用提供理论依据。研究选用体重为(47.07±0.26)g的1日龄圣泽“901”白羽肉鸡公雏360羽,随机分成6组,每组6个重复,每个重复10羽。各组饲粮情况分别为基础饲粮+1.5 kg·t^(-1)纤维样品1(T1组)、基础饲粮+2.5 kg·t^(-1)纤维样品1(T2组)、基础饲粮+150 g·t^(-1)纤维样品2(T3组)、基础饲粮+2 kg·t^(-1)纤维样品3(T4组)、基础饲粮+3 kg·t^(-1)纤维样品3(T5组)和基础饲粮(T6组)。试验分1~21 d和22~42 d两阶段,共42 d。结果表明:与T6组相比,1)T2组22~42 d平均日采食量和1~42 d料重比分别显著提高了5.04%和3.07%(P<0.05),T3组22~42 d和1~42 d料重比分别显著提高了4.16%和3.68%(P<0.05),T5组21 d和42 d平均体重、1~21 d和1~42 d平均日增重以及22~42 d平均日采食量分别显著提高6.26%和4.93%、6.70%和5.02%以及4.87%(P<0.05);2)T1组21 d氮的摄入量和氮存留量、T4组21 d氮存留率、T5组21 d氮存留率和42 d氮存留量分别显著提高了11.24%和16.77%、6.18%、7.65%和9.95%(P<0.05),T5组21 d粪氮含量显著降低了6.87%(P<0.05);3)T1组42 d尿素氮和总抗氧化能力分别显著提高333.33%和57.14%(P<0.05),T2组21 d和42 d尿素氮含量分别显著提高375.00%和466.67%,21 d丙二醛含量显著降低17.69%(P<0.05),T3组21 d和42 d尿素氮分别显著提高350.00%和233.33%,21 d丙二醛含量显著降低15.58%,42 d总蛋白和低密度脂蛋白分别显著降低15.34%和20.00%,谷丙转氨酶显著提高了102.70%(P<0.05),T4组42 d葡萄糖含量显著提高35.36%(P<0.05),T5组21 d白蛋白、甘油三酯和丙二醛分别显著降低10.79%、25.45%和33.60%,42 d高密度脂蛋白和谷丙转氨酶分别显著提高25.32%和62.16%(P<0.05);4)T1组42 d回肠长度、T2组空肠重量和回肠长度、T3组空肠和回肠长度以及T5组回肠长度分�This trial was conducted to investigate the effect of different kind of fiber and different adding levels on growth performance,fecal nitrogen metabolism,fecal fiber content,serum biochemical index,the gastrointestinal structure and cecal microflora of broilers,in order to provide theoretical basis for the rational utilization of fiber in broilers'diet.Three hundred and sixty one-day-old healthy Shengze“901”male broilers with similar body weight(47.07±0.26 g)were randomly allotted into 6 groups with 6 replicates per group and 10 broilers per replicate.The broilers were randomly subjected to one of the following 6 treatments for 42 days with 2 periods:control group(T6 group)fed the basal diet,the addition groups were fed a basal diet supplemented with 1.5 kg·t^(-1)fiber sample 1(T1 group),2.5 kg·t^(-1)fiber sample 1(T2 group),150 g·t^(-1)fiber sample 2(T3 group),2 kg·t^(-1)fiber sample 3(T4 group)and 3 kg·t^(-1)fiber sample 3(group T5),respectively.The results showed as follows:compared with T6 group,1)The average daily feed intake(ADFI)for 22-42 d and the feed/gain(F/G)for 1-42 d in T2 group were significantly increased by 5.04%and 3.07%(P<0.05)respectively,the F/G for 22-42 d and 1-42 d in T3 group were significantly increased by 4.16%and 3.68%(P<0.05)respectively,and average body weight(ABW)for 21 d and 42 d,average daily gain(ADG)for 1-21 d and 1-42 d and ADFI for 22-42 d in T5 group were increased significantly by 6.26%and 4.93%,6.70%and 5.02%and 4.87%(P<0.05)respectively;2)The nitrogen intake and retention(NI and NR)at 21 d in group T1,the nitrogen retention rate(NRR)at 21 d in group T4,the NRR at 21 d in group T5 and the NR at 42 d were significantly increased by 11.24%and 16.77%,6.18%,7.65%and 9.95%,respectively(P<0.05).Fecal nitrogen content in T5 group at 21 d was significantly decreased by 6.87%(P<0.05);3)Urea nitrogen(UN)and total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)at 42 d in T1 group were significantly increased by 333.33%and 57.14%(P<0.05)respectively,UR at 21 and 42 d in T2 group were significantl

关 键 词：白羽肉鸡 膳食纤维 生长性能 肠道结构 肠道微生物 

分 类 号：S831.5[农业科学—畜牧学]